Raising Sheep on Temporary Pastures. 
15 
no sheep during the jDrevious year. If the second, or grass pasture, 
free from infection, is not available, a red-clover crop is used. Ordi- 
narity this would be the same land upon which the sheep grazed wheat 
at the beginning of the previous year. In most sections the danger 
of infection in such case would not be a serious one. By the time the 
third change is necessary some clover fields have usually been har- 
vested for hay and the second growth can be used for grazing. At 
this time of year (early fall) on farms producing such crops as men- 
tioned for other livestock, lambs will usually be marketed. The ewes, 
if necessary, can return to some of the same land previously used. 
This does not allow the same degree of protection from parasites as 
would exist if there were no pasturing the second time without inter- 
vening plowing, but the effects of the parasite are less serious in older 
sheep, and treatment can be given to those ewes that show the need of 
it, to prevent a serious setback. 
For ewes or for lambs that are carried later in the year, later pas- 
turage is furnished in the stubble fields of the grain crops, and after 
that from rape sown in the cornfields. At a still later time the early 
fall-sown gi'ain furnishes pasturage until the coming winter. 
One or two acres of rape or some other forage crop will usually be 
found desirable as an insurance against j)ossible shortage of pas- 
turage in other fields, and more particularly as a safe and satisfactory 
feed for ewe lambs retained for breeding, and which can not safely 
remain with the ewes, particularly if the latter are spending part of 
their time upon land that may be infected. 
SPECIALIZED SHEEP FARMING. 
At present farms devoted mainly to sheep raising are not numerous. 
The opportunity exists for specializing in sheep raising with the 
same prospects of profit as are to be obtained from specializing, in 
other lines of livestock production. In a plan of specialized sheep 
raising larger reliance necessarily would be placed upon temporary 
pastures. The results of experiments reported in this bulletin demon- 
strate that with the rotation of grazing and plowing for reseeding, 
land can be stocked heavily with sheep year after year without the 
development of serious difficulties. The necessary winter feed for a 
specialized sheep farm can be produced in connection with the regular 
temporary pastures. Extra seedings of leguminous crops can be har- 
vested for hay, and in most seasons there is likely to be a part of some 
crop which is not needed for pasturing and can be cured for winter 
feeding. With the production of silage for a part of the roughage fed 
in winter the amount of land required is reduced to a minimum. 
MOST SUITABLE SOILS. 
Land suitable for a system of this kind should be level or only 
slightly rolling, and of a rather heavy soil texture in order that it 
