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(D) Gurliness of Hair. — Our three categories were smooth, wavy, curly. The 
results are the means of two computations, first with the division between smooth 
and wavy, and then with the division between wavy and curly. 
(E) Cephalic Index. 
(F) Head Length. 
(G) Head Breadth. 
(H) Auricidar Height. 
The method of investigating the degree of resemblance in these characters has 
been already referred to. We may note that, in all cases, the order of intensity 
in resemblance is head breadth, auricular height and head length. I confess to 
believing that some of this is due to greater difficulty in getting a true head 
length, than a true breadth or height, but I do not believe that this is the sole 
source of the divergence. I shall touch on this subject on another occasion when 
I come to deal with growth of head in children, meanwhile I would say that it 
appears to me that a pause arises in the growth of head length which is not 
perceptible, or at least not so perceptible, in the case of the growth of breadth or 
height. I should not be surprised to find that the on-coming of puberty affects the 
growth of head length differently from the growth of head breadth or height, and 
that a comparison for this character of brothers or sisters, one of whom has and the 
other of whom has not reached the age of puberty, may to some extent affect our 
results. This influence would not be fully allowed for by growth curves, as the age 
of puberty, especially in girls, seems to vary largely, even in members of the same 
family. 
(I) Athletic Power. — While I have worked with only eight physical and eight 
mental characters, I have an additional character which it is needful to refer to here, 
and which it is difficult to class as purely physical. I mean athletic capacity. 
We may define the athletic individual as one who is not only keen on sports and 
games, but who is capable in them. This denotes a training and a mental control 
of hand and eye, and approaches psychical efficiency*. It might therefore be a 
problem to determine in which class of characters the athletic should be placed. 
The results, however, of dealing with athletics are from the standpoint of 
inheritance abnormally high. An examination of the schedules led me at once to 
the conclusion that much of this resemblance was wholly spurious. Certain schools, 
boys' public schools and the larger girls' schools, pride themselves on an athletic 
reputation ; hence two brothers or two sisters at such schools are usually returned 
as an athletic pair. On the other hand, schools without an athletic reputation are 
too liable to return the two members of a pair as non-athletic, the teachers having 
little or no knowledge of the game capacity of their pupils. Hence arises the 
high value of resemblance in athletic power between the members of a pair of 
brothers or a pair of sisters. This resemblance is largely, perhaps 40 to 50 per cent., 
* This is confirmed by the high correlations I have found to exist between athletic capacity and many 
psychical characters. 
