W. K. Macdonell 
213 
allowance is made for the method of measurement, is found to be smaller than the 
English, but, unlike the male, less round, and the palate was much longer and 
broader. 
We will conclude our comparisons by referring to the triangle whose apices 
are the basion, nasion, and alveolar point; the sides of this triangle are very nearly 
equal in both races and the contained angles are therefore nearly equal ; and 
further, we have this remarkable fact, that these angles closely approximate to the 
angles of the corresponding triangle for male crania, both English and Naqada. 
Whether or not we have a specific character in this triangle further research alone 
will show. It is greatly to be desired that measurements of it should be made on 
the long series of skulls possessed by many German museums. 
As the mandibles are unsexed, they are given in a separate Table. 
TABLE V. 
Comparison of Means of English Mandibles with those of tJie Naqada race. 
Character and 
Refereiice Letter 
English 
Naqada 
Male and Female 
Male 
Female 
Male and Female 
No. 
Mean 
No. 
Mean 
No. 
Mean 
106-37 + -67 
87-62 + -55 
31-61 + -21 
43-12 + -20 
No. 
Mean 
(.0 IF, ... 
(y) ... 
{z) h. 
108 
1.51 
133 
170 
113-21 + -41 
95-40 + -46 
30-76 + -21 
43-67 + -14 
41 
51 
60 
49 
110-49+ -87 
93-58+ -67 
32-91 + -28 
44-44 + -25 
52 
59 
75 
60 
93 
110 
135 
109 
108-19 
90-38 
32-19 
43-71 
The points to be noticed are: (1) the English skulls have greater condylar and 
angle widths, and (2) a smaller "maximum height" of mandible than the Naqadas; 
but (3) the distance between the foramina mentalia is nearly the same in 
both races. 
Having dealt with the means, we turn to the indices of the English skulls, and 
giving them their classes according to the Frankfurt Concordat we can now 
compare the two sexes. 
Here we find no marked difference between the two sexes except in the shape 
of the eye orbit, which is much rounder, and in the palate, which is less leptosta- 
phyline in the female than in the male. In the Altbayerisch skulls also, there are 
no marked sexual differences except in eye orbit and palate, and in these characters 
the sexes differ in the same way as our English series. The Wurtemberg skulls, 
however, differ both from English and Altbayerisch in this respect, that the chief 
differences between the sexes in this group are in upper face index and nasal 
index : the males have a much narrower face and much longer nose than the 
females. 
