216 Variation and Con-elation of the Human Skull 
of some of the very dolichocephalic English crania. It contrasts favourably with 
W. 88 (/ which also has BjL = 70, but HjL = 58 as compared with the H/L = 69 of 
W. 76. Turning to more brachycephalic skulls of the same series we have pictured 
W. 163 (/, a somewhat damaged but very interesting skull in Plates X — XIII, the 
N. facialis was of little use owing to the defect in the vault. Here B/L reaches 
80'5. It is interesting to note that this result is obtained by a great increase in 
breadth, in this case 153 mm., beyond that of the typical skull W. 76 ; the length 
remains the same. The like point is illustrated in Plates XIV and XV, where 
the racially brachycephalic skull W. 147 is given in iV. facialis and N. occipi- 
talis. The length is in this case 191 and breadth 148 with cephalic index 77"5. 
So that again the increased rotundity is not gained by loss of length. Lastly in 
Plates VIII and XI we give examples of two skulls W. 69 ^ and W. 7101 ^ of 
nearly average length, but with total heights above the average. W. 69 is racially 
dolichocephalic and W. 7101 racially brachycephalic, the indices being 71 and 79 
respectively. The total lengths differ by only 2 mm. and the total heights by only 
2 mm., but the difference in breadth amounts to upwards of 16 mm. This is 
another illustration of the great influence of absolute breadth in determining 
cephalic index within the race. Both W. 7101 and W. 69 are "fine" crania — if we 
look at them from the aspects which show the breadth and height in the first and 
the length and height in the second, i.e. the aspects shown in our photographs. 
Turning to the female crania, Plates XXVII — XXXI give in five positions 
W. 149 %, a fairly typical English female skull. It is slightly larger than the 
average in length and breadth, but somewhat less in height, but the cephalic index 
74-6 is practically identical with the 74-7 of the whole series. Plates XXV, XXVI 
give two views of W. 7044 $ , which has precisely the same cephalic index 74'6, but 
while slightly less than the average in length and breadth has rather more than 
the average height. Thus the modal female skull of the series lies between 
W. 149 and W. 7044. To complete the general conception of the female skull we 
have selected a hyperdolichocephalic individual W. 10 % with index 69 for repro- 
duction in Plates XVI — XIX. This is by no means a very extreme type ; the slight 
plagiocephaly and the infantile type of forehead render the skull otherwise of some 
interest. In W. 18 $, Plates XX — XXIV, we have a complete representation of 
a racially brachycephalic individual, cephalic index 79. This skull is again not 
extreme and while almost the average in both total and auricular heiglits, is less 
than the average in length and more in breadth. 
We have endeavoured to give in these " normal " crania, some conception of the 
skulls of this English series. We have reproduced for both sexes modal individuals 
and then individuals deviating from the mode in the directions of greater dolicho- 
cephaly and of greater brachycephaly. It is open to the craniologist with a mono- 
mania for "types" to differentiate our series into two, three or more types on the 
basis of our illustrations. We have purposely offered the material upon which it 
can be done, because we believe that not only the tables of measurements, but 
familiarity with the material itself, will prove a complete and continuous linking 
