244 Variation and Correlation of the Human Skull 
is the simple but startling one, that the London City crania — from Whitechapel 
to Moorfields — are far more closely allied to the Long Barrow type than to any 
other. We do not see how to avoid this conclusion, it is hardly needful to say 
that, if verified, its importance from both the craniological and historical stand- 
point can hardly be exaggerated. It would mean that at any rate a section — 
probably a large section — of the English population are not Anglo-Saxon, nor 
Scandinavian, nor even Celtic, but belong to a still earlier race. 
Regarding our present material in conjunction with the other series dealt with 
for comparative purposes, we must draw very similar conclusions to those already 
propounded in C. D. Fawcett's memoir, i.e. : 
The correlations between cranial characters are generally low and vary con- 
siderably from race to race. All generalisation from individual series — or, as it 
often happens, from individual skulls — to wide craniological laws seems to be idle. 
The present great need of craniology is the accumulation of intra-racial biometric 
constants with a view to the ultimate calculation of inter-racial means, standard 
deviations and correlations. These will provide the only possible basis for a 
correct theory of race in man, as well as for a really scientific craniological 
terminology. 
Appendix of Tables of Measurements. 
The measurements are tabled in nearly the same maimer as in the case of the Naqada 
crania. The notation used is identical: 
Thus CT. = C7-anium, i.e. skull -(- mandible ; cal. = ca^mrt'«Hi = skull — mandible ; f. stands for 
face. Thus cal. — f. = calvarium - face bones ; dome = the roof of the skull only {Schiideldac/i). 
These terms are in accordance with those used in C. D. Fawcett's memoir, and are close to the 
terms adopted in Germany. Probably the English use of cranium for what is above called 
calvarium, and of calvarium for "dome," would have been better. But it did not seem desirable 
to change from the notation already adopted in Biometrika. 
In calculating the constants involving length of skull, Nos 186, 7042 and 7059 were excluded 
on account of their extreme bathrocephaly. 
In the age statements, which are of course only appreciations, c]iild=a,n individual less than 
15 years, adolesc. 15 — 20, y. ad. 20 — 30, ad. 30 — 50, and old aliove 50. 
During the past winter Professors Thane and Pearson went through the whole series of skulls 
again and the former not only again considered questions of sex and probable age, but supplied 
the anatomical notes which are embodied in the accompanying "Eemarks" on the crania. 
I have thus not only to thank him for allowing me to work on his splendid material, but also 
for the time he has spent on a lengthy anatomical examination of the whole series. Added to 
these matters all biometric workers at University College have had experience t>f his ready aid 
and advice at many stages of their investigations. 
Addenda. 
The following capacities omitted by oversight should be entered in the Tables: W. 7037, 
C = 1320 and W. 7041, C = 1650. 
The Editors have to acknowledge a grant from the Publication Fund of the Royal Society 
towai-ds the printing of the 50 plates accompanying this papei\ The blocks for these were paid 
for out of a grant from the Drapers' Company's Dontition to the Department of Applied 
Mathematics in University College, London, as already stated on p. 215. 
