A. R. Galloway 
5 
With five or six exceptions these hybrids have all been bred from male wild 
bird and female canary. From 1904 to 1908 the sex was noted as far as possible. 
Some mules are difficult to sex, and all are difficult to keep in numbers because of 
their pugnacity. The results recorded were: males 110, females 25, unknown 48. 
After making allowance for calling some females males, these results will still show 
that there is an excess of males in canary hybrids. 
Clear Hybrids. Besides an almost clear goldfinch-canary hybrid* which was 
bred by myself, I have at present in my bird-room a clear yellow siskin-canary 
raule-f also bred by myself, and which is the only clear siskin-canary hybrid in 
existence (Plate III, fig. 1). I also own at present a clear buff greenfinch-canary 
hybrid J, the only clear greenfinch mule I have seen (Plate III, fig. 4). Also two 
almost clear twite-canary hybrids|. This list shows that not only the nearly 
clear but the wholly clear hybrid does occur, although extremely rare. 
III. Cinnamon and other allied wild Sports. 
Cinnamon Inheritance. Although many general rules have been found to 
apply to canary breeding, there are some interesting exceptions, and the mystery 
of cinnamon blood is one which has long been, and still is, the puzzle of the fancy. 
It may be well to state first what is already known concerning the breeding of 
cinnamon canaries, before adding any fresh information. 
Cinnamon colour of plumage (Plate I, fig. 1) in young birds can be obtained 
only by using a cinnamon or cinnamon-bred male bird. If a male having no 
cinnamon blood be mated to a self-cinnamon female, the young have no cinnamon 
feathers. If a cinnamon or cinnamon-bred male be mated to a female with no 
cinnamon blood, all the young which show any cinnamon feathers are females. 
In addition to these known facts, I have proved this year that a self-cinnamon 
male mated to a clear female with pink eyes — the sign of cinnamon descent — 
may have cinnamon-variegated male progeny. 
I have also bred this season a yellow male bird — clear except four small 
cinnamon-ticked saddle feathers — from two clear parents that were pink-eyed, 
but had shown no cinnamon feathers in their pedigree for at least two generations. 
Crosses of Pink-Eyed ^s and Dark- Eyed $5. My records also show that if 
a pink-eyed male be mated to a dark-eyed female, all the clear, variegated, and 
green, dark-eyed progeny are males, and all the clear, variegated-cinnamon, and 
self-cinnamon, pink-eyed progeny are females: the sexes also occur in equal 
numbers. 
* Clear except four small dark ticks, wliicli gained second prize at the Crystal Place in 1907, and 
other leading prizes. 
t First prize, City of Glasgow; first prize, Glasgow and West of Scotland; first, Aberdeen; first, 
Scottish National at Edinburgh (1908) ; first prize and championship diploma, Crystal Palace, 1909. 
X Second Prize, Glasgow and West of Scotland, 1908 ; second, Aberdeen ; second, Scottish National 
(1908). 
§ One of them second prize, Glasgow and West of Scotland, 1908; first, Scottish National (Edin- 
burgh), 1908 (Plate III, fig. 3). 
