A. K. Galloway 
ir 
In this manner our birds of position — Lancashire (fig. 4, p. 23), Yorkshire 
(Plate I, fig. 4), Dutch Frill (Plate V, fig. 1), Belgian, etc.— have arisen. 
We have thus been able to trace the origin of all our present day varieties. 
It only remains for some enterprising fancier to follow out the experiments 
farther and introduce some new varieties, e.g. f;xntail, trumpeter, black, tumbler, 
silkie, and many others. 
In the English (1718) translation of Hervieux the term "duvet" is taken to 
mean rough-footed, and "panache" and "race de Panachez" are both translated 
copple-crowned. The one interpretation is as nonsensical as the other, and quite 
as bad as that of the writer already mentioned who describes " Isabelle " as pink. 
But the reference to copple-crowns is interesting, as probably indicating the 
existence of a crested canary in England before 1718. One feels, however, that 
in the case of this translator one has to deal with a poultry or pigeon, and not 
a canary fancier. 
Note. I may mention that Temminck in his Histoire Nuturelle Generale des 
Oallinaces describes the silk fowl under the name of the " Coq a Duvet," and gives 
it the scientific title of Gallus Lanatus (Tegetmeier's Poultry Book, 18G7). Also 
in support of my interpretation of " panache," let me quote the following: — 
" Description des Couleurs d'un Canari Panache, observe avec M. de Mont- 
beillard : " 
" The shades and arrangement of the colours of the variegated canaries differ 
exceedingly ; some are black on the head, others not ; some are spotted irregularly, 
and others with great regularity. The differences of colour are commonly perceived 
only on the upper part of the bird ; they consist of two large black spots on each 
wing, the one before and the other behind, in a large crescent of the same colour 
placed on the back, pointing its concavity towards the head, and joining by its 
horns to the two anterior black spots of the wings. Lastly, the tail is surrounded 
behind by an half-collar of grey, which seems to be a compound colour resulting 
from the intimate mixture of black and yellow." (Buffon's Nat. Hist, of Birds, 
London, 1793.) 
Alhin's Song-Birds. At this stage also, let me refer shortly to another old 
book on song-birds that agrees in every detail with my interpretation of Hervieux's 
list of varieties of the canary, and also adds some additional information. The 
title is: 
A Natural History of English Song-Birds, and such of the Foreign as are 
usually brought over, and esteem' d for their Singing, etc. By Mr Eleazer Albin. 
London 1759 (3rd Edit.). 
Albin's knowledge of the song-birds he mentions, and their proper treatment 
in confinement is so complete and excellent (e.g. his treatment of the goldfinch 
with regard to hemp seed) that this little book would be an up-to-date guide at 
the present day. On this account I attach much importance to his list of varieties 
of the canary given on page 86. 
Biometrika vii 3 
