A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF 
THE FRUIT OF THE BLOODROOT, SANGUINARIA 
CANADENSIS. 
By J. ARTHUR HARRIS, Ph.D., Carnegie Institution of Washington. 
I. Introduction. 
Heretofore investigations in variation and correlation carried out by means 
of modern quantitative methods have been largely for the purpose of throwing 
light upon the problems of evolution. But for several years I have been convinced 
that the methods of higher statistics should find an extensive application in the 
fields of morphology and physiology. 
The present memoir is one of a series in course of preparation in which an 
attempt has been made to apply the statistical methods to the problems of the 
morphology and physiology of the inflorescence and fruit. The results set forth 
will not show their fidl significance until the constants obtained for other forms are 
laid beside them for comparison. These data will be ready shortly, but it seems 
best not to anticipate the results from material not completely worked up. 
II. Material and Methods. 
(a) The Morphology of the Fruit of Sanguinaria. 
Sanguinaria, a monotypic genus of the Papaveraceae, widely distributed over 
the eastern portion of North America, is so familiar to botanists that a detailed 
discussion of the superficial form of the fruit borne on its slender pedicel is hardly 
necessary. Gray * has given the essentials when he writes : — 
" Ovary oblong, one-celled, with two parietal placentae ; style short, columnar ; 
stigma broad, sulcate — two-lobed, the lobes alternate with the placentae. Ovules 
very numerous, horizontal in several rows on the two placentae, anatropous. 
Gray, A., Gcii. PL U. S. Vol. i. p. 115, 1848. 
