J. A. Harris 
807 
From these collections the following measurements and countings were made: — 
1. Length of Peduncle. 
2. Length of Fruit. 
3. Seeds developing on first placenta. 
4. Ovules formed on first placenta. 
5. Seeds developing on second placenta. 
6. Ovules formed on second placenta. 
7. Aborted ovules on first placenta. 
8. Aborted ovules on second placenta. 
9. Total seeds developing per fruit. 
10. Total ovules formed per fruit. 
11. Total aborted ovules per fruit. 
Some words of explanation concerning these characters are necessary. 
1. Length of Peduncle. A study of the length of the peduncle was not a 
primary purpose of this investigation, but it was taken up in a rough and ready 
manner to gain some general appreciation of the influence which it might have 
upon the magnitude of the characters of the fruit. It is idle to expect to attain 
great precision in the investigation of a character of this kind. 
Sanguinaria is a perennial plant and we do not know the age of the individual 
root-stalks which produced these peduncles and fruits. The plants were very 
probably of different ages ; all that we can say with certainty is that they were 
mature enough to produce fruiting stalks. It is quite possible that the age of 
the individual has a material influence upon the character of the flowering stalk 
which it produces. 
There is unquestionably some error in the determination of the length of the 
stalks due to the method of collecting. They were simply carefully pulled from 
the rhizome. Considering the nature of the material with which we are dealing, 
I think the determinations of stalk length were quite accurate enough for 
practical purposes. 
2. Length of Fruit. In both collections the length of the fruit was taken to 
the nearest millimetre. 
As a character for investigation the length of the fruit presents some serious 
difficulties. The fruit is not infrequently somewhat curved or otherwise irregular 
in form, and there is relatively a large possible error in measurement. The fruits 
collected in 1906 had not quite attained their full size, but I was afraid to leave 
the collection until later because of the difficulty of counting the seeds which 
very easily become detached. In 1907 the material had more nearly attained 
its full development. 
