490 
Selective Elimination in Staphylea 
The reader will note, by comparing the percentage frequencies for the smallest 
and the largest fruits, that the 3 " even " class is much more abundantly repre- 
sented in the largest than in the smallest fruits. Those with one or more " odd " 
locules are necessarily less abundant. 
The percentage frequency of " odd " locules in the three series is : 
Lot A, 6— 10 mm. = 33-91 + 1-40 %. 
Lot B, 11—15 mm. = 33 48 ± -85%. 
Lot C, 16—20 mm. = 27-23 + 1-05 %. 
The ditfeience, C— A = - 6-68 + 1-75 %. 
In predicting the frequencies of the four classes in Series C from the distri- 
bution found in Series A, to ascertain whether the former could possibly be 
regarded as arising from the latter through the errors of random sampling, 
find 
r=20-7, P = -00012. 
2E, lO IE, 20 30 
Series A. Youngest. 
IE, 20 30 
Intermediate. 
IE, 20 
Oldest. 
Diagram 8. Percentage frequencies of four types of loeular composition of ovaries in the 
three series of developing fruits for 1906. 
Thus deviations of observation from theory so great as those found here would 
be expected to arise through the errors of random sampling only about 12 times 
out of 100,000. 
