306 A Study of the Negro Skull 
A more striking comparison may be made between the upper face indices 
which run as follows : 
Upper Face Index, 100 G'H/OB. 
3 
$ 
$ 
? 
Wiirtemberger 
78-1 
74-1 
Angoni 
72-2 
English, Whitechapel 
76-5 
77-9 
Copts ... 
72-1 
68-5 
Bavarian 
74-5 
74-4 
Naqada 
70-6 
70-4 
French 
74-2 
Gaboon, 1864 
69-7 
69-3 
Kaffir 
74-1 
Gaboon, 1880 
68-9 
68-2 
English, Moorfields ... 
72-8 
73-6 
Aino 
68-4 
67-7 
Theban Mummies ... 
72-3 
72 3 
Northern Negro 
68-0 
Zulu 
72-2 
Congo 
6 
66-0 
64-0 
It appears from this list that no modern European race occurs in the second 
half, but that Zulu and Kaffir appear in the first half*. It is clear that on the 
whole Europeans have a relatively longer upper face than the negro races. 
Another marked feature of the face, its upper prognathism, is measured by the 
profile angle P. Unluckily we have but few records of this for the negro races, 
but they suffice to show how markedly it differentiates their crania from the 
modern European, and even from the prehistoric as well as modern Egyptian. We 
have : 
Profile Angle, P. 
3 
? 
s 
? 
Bavarian 
89°-l 
88°-8 
Naqada 
84° -4 
84° -5 
English, Whitechapel 
86°-l 
87°'l 
Copts 
84° "2 
1 
French 
86°-5 
Long Barrow ... 
83° -0 
\ 
Wiirtemberger 
86° -4 
84° -9 
Congo ... 
82° -8 
8l°-l 
Theban Mummies ... 
85° -5 
85° -6 
Aino ... 
82° -0 
81° -0 
English, Moorfields ... 
84° -5 
84° -5 
Northern Negroes 
82° -0 
Thus the prognathous character of the negro's profile is only equalled or excelled 
by that of the primitive Aino. 
It would seem unusual to pass over the discussion of the cephalic indices and 
yet it is doubtful how far they are really indicative of important racial differences. 
Thus the Gaboon 1864 males and the Zulus differ but slightly in the height- 
length index, but the value in one case is produced by the head being unusually 
short and in the other case by its being abnormally high, relatively, to the majority 
of human races. 
Now it would puzzle any one to take much of profit out of this list as it 
stands ! It represents no clear order in the scale of civilisation nor in that of 
* The position of the Kaffirs and Zulus may be due to personal equation in determining the alveolar 
point. Dr Shrubsall appears to get larger values than we do for G'H. 
