320 
A Study of the Negro Skull 
does ; and this inverted order has been observed in some other cranial features*. 
It is of course far from the rule generally, but it has some bearing on the 
question of whether the Egyptians really did mix freely with the adjacent negro 
populations. An examination of the three nasal indices given in this paper will 
show how the Egyptians and English lie far closer together than Negroes and 
Egyptians, and this although we are dealing only with the least negroid of the 
negro races ! 
(c) Another noteworthy feature is that while the simotic index is greater 
for the males than the females iu all races, in the two negro races both mesodacryal 
indices are greater for the females ; while for the English and Egyptians the 
males have higher indices. In other words the sexual order is changed. Taking 
the bridge of the nose from dacryon to dacryon the negro male is flatter than the 
female, but if this holds for primitive human types in general, then the male in 
the advanced races has been more intensely selected than the female, with the 
result that she is now slightly more flatnosed. 
To sum up it appears to me : 
(i) That both mesodacryal and simotic indices are markedly differential 
racial characters. 
(ii) That the mesodacryal index a, besides being physically more com- 
prehensible than the mesodacryal index /3, has a less percentage range of 
variation within the individual race. It is easily found by aid of the table now 
issued. 
(iii) That the fuller study of the bridge of the nose promises results of 
much value for their bearing on selective evolution. 
(iv) That notwithstanding the mechanical defects of Merejkowsky's in- 
strument definite results of much interest can be obtained from it, and it would 
be quite easy to devise a better instrument -f\ 
(v) That Merejkowsky has undoubtedly led the way to a series of 
measurements which if carried out on a long enough series of good sized 
homogeneous groups would be extremely valuable for racial evolution. 
With the nose I conclude our investigation of the differences between the 
crania of negroid and other races. The reader may question why other absolute 
lengths or indices have not been considered. The answer to this question is that 
in a number of cases they have been investigated but they led to no marked 
differences. In the bulk of these cases I do not believe that the absence of 
* Cf. Biometrika , Vol. viii. p. 136. 
f Taking a rough model of the bridge of the nose in plasticene and constructing from it by aid of a 
small pair of dividers and a piece of paper the triangle whose base is the lacryrnal diameter and sides 
the distances from the ends of this base to the nearest point on the median plane of the bridge a very 
good approach to the mesodacryal index a in the living subject can be made. Without any plasticene 
model at all the reconstruction of the triangle by three measurements on the skull gives quite closely 
both simotic and mesodacryal indices. 
