330 
A Study of the Negro Skull 
54, 78, 86), one or two having the obelion depressed (e.g. 38). In Gaboon 1880, 
the flattening occurred in six males (1, 14, 26, 30, 12 a , 20) and in six females 
(9, 10, 17, 36, 38, 13). In the Congo series it occurs in 23 males (20, 23, 24, 26, 
27, 29, 30, 34, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 43, 46, 47, 52, 53 (depression), 54, 56. 57, 58, 59), 
seven females (66, 68, 74, 84, 86, 87, 91) and two non-adults (11, 12). It has 
thus been noted in 36 % °f males and 30 °/ 0 of females. The Wliitechapel English 
crania showed depression of the obelion in 6 °/ D of male and 8 °/ 0 of female crania, 
only one case was recorded of flattening. Thus unless the standard was extremely 
different, flattening of the obelion appears almost a racial character in the Congo- 
Gaboon group. While bathrocephaly was relatively frequent in the English crania 
and of a marked type, slight bathrocephaly was noticed in only one male skull (59) 
of the Gaboon 1864 series and in two male skulls (20, 24) of the Gaboon 1880 
series and in none of the Congo series. 
Temporal Ridges. Pronounced or marked ridges have been held to be a negro 
feature. In Gaboon 1864 it appears in two females (5, 39) and ten males (8, 27, 
36, 55, 61, 05, 71, 76, 77 and (?)). In Gaboon 1880 it occurs in two males 
(5, 26). In the Congo series in ten males (26, 28, 35, 43, 44, 47, 49, 52, 55, 57), in 
two females (66, 91) and two non-adults (10 and 13). 
Marked frontal eminences occurred in the Gaboon 1864 series in five females 
(22, 38, 46, 54, 64) and five males (14, 18, 61, 65, 85); in the Gaboon 1880 series 
in one female (15) and in the Congo in six males (23, 29, 30, 41, 46, 48). 
Inferior frontal protuberances, often accompanied by Sylvian depressions, occur 
in Gaboon 1864 series in six females (2, 4, 26, 42, 52, 84) and in six males 
(13, 34, 71, 80, 85, 89). In Gaboon 1880 series no case is noted, but in the Congo 
series such inferior frontal protuberances occur in 5 females (65, 72, 78, 80, 86), 
in 11 males (26, 2*, 31, 35, 37, 40, 42, 46, 54, 56, 60) and in 4 non-adults 
(10, 12, 13, 14). 
Sylvian Depression occurs in 7 females (2, 4, 26, 42, 52, 74, 84) and in 7 males 
(13, 34, 71, 76, 77, 80, 85) of the Gaboon 1864 series. It occurs in two females 
(10, 39) and three males (20, 23, 24) of the Gaboon 1880 series; while in the 
Congo series it was noted in two females (78, 88), seven males (17, 23, 26, 35, 56, 
60, 62) and two non-adults (12, 13). Thus the Sylvian depression has been noted 
in 12 % of females and 14 °/ Q of males. 
Marked metopic eminences were met with in four females (22, 38, 64, 86) and 
five males (13, 43, 55, 61, 85) of the Gaboon 1864 series; while they were found 
in two females (9, 21) of the 1880 Gaboon crania. The Congo series provide the 
same eminences in four males (15, 28, 29, 43) and four females (12 (young), 
66, 68, 87). A ' metopic crest ' occurred in a female (5) of the Gaboon 1864 
series, and in six males of the same series (27, 44, 63, 65, 77, 79). Such 'crests' 
were not recorded as occurring in the Congo series. 
Marked bregmatic eminences were noted in two females (70, 86) of the earlier 
Gaboon series and a post-bregmatic eminence in the male (32) of the Congo series. 
