E. M. Elderton 
341 
It would not demonstrate that a large foreign element might not modify the 
conclusion, unless we were absolutely certain that in the material considered we 
were really dealing with a heterogeneous population. 
In the present inquiry I have worked with Glasgow data, which I selected 
because I thought that I should include considerable Italian and Irish elements. 
For the schools, however, where the stature and weight were known as well as the 
pigmentation, the surnames do not suggest that the foreign element is extensive. 
Hence I think my inquiry is concerned only with the problem of whether in a 
fairly homogeneous population* pigmentation is related to stature and weight. 
Owing to the kindness of Sir John Struthers the Educational Board of Glasgow 
placed at our disposal schedules containing particulars of 72,857 Glasgow children 
attending the public schools of that town in 1905. Among the information given 
were the height and weight of these children. Now two years previously (1903) 
Mr Tocher obtained in his great pigmentation survey of the school children of 
Scotland the hair and eye colour of the Glasgow children (see Biometrika, Vol. VI. 
p. 131 et seq.). It occurred to me therefore that it might be feasible to combine 
these two records if we could identify the children in the two surveys. The colour 
of the eye and hair would not have changed much in the interval. Mr Tocher 
most kindly placed his material at my disposal. 
The main difficulty was the identification of the children in the two surveys. 
In the 1905 records the ages of the children were given to the nearest year, but in 
the 1903 survey this does not appear to have been the case, the year of age being 
stated. Further, all the schools were not necessarily examined at the same time 
and the age was therefore only the roughest guide to identity. It was finally 
decided that only those children should be included whose initials or Christian 
names were given in the pigmentation inquiry f, and the first part of the work was 
to place the hair and eye records from the 1903 survey on the 1905 schedules con- 
taining the physical characters. Of the schools that sent returns of pigmentation 
in 1903 and physical measurements in 1905, only five of the earlier survey j gave 
the Christian names or initials of the children and my results are based on 
those schools only ; the schools are Grove Street, Provanside, Alexandra Parade, 
Abbotsford and Wolseley Street. 
Under the school board of Glasgow the City of Glasgow is divided into ten 
educational districts and the schools we are considering are included in the 
following districts : 
* By homogeneous population I understand one which may be genetically a blend of several races, 
but has not unmixed foreign elements. 
+ In many schools only the child's surname had been written down, and even in the case of rare 
names, the age data were not close enough to admit of absolutely certain identification. 
J The surnames were taken in the 1903 record with a view to some estimate of foreign parentage, 
and not for the purpose of identifying the child. It was naturally not foreseen how useful the full 
names might be at a later date and for a different inquiry. 
