358 Anomalies of Pigmentation among Natives of Nyasaland 
Female, aged 17, Zomba, 1910. An area of absolute black skin is seen on the 
right side of the neck extending over the clavicle. No other affection of pig- 
mentation noted. 
Bimbo,, male, adult, Zomba, 1910. Patcb of black skin on the dorsum of the 
left foot, over the heads of the first and second metatarsal bones. 
Talo, adult, male, 1st K. A. Rifles, Zomba, 1911. A black patch of skin under 
the right nipple. 
Mainana, adult, male. Below right axilla there is an area of skin 4—5 inches 
square in extent of a dead black colour. 
Conclusions. 
The cases I have cited go to illustrate the following facts : 
1. Albinism is common among the natives of Nvasaland. 
2. It is a family affection and often directly hereditary. 
3. Varying grades of albinism are met with in the same family. 
4. Almost every degree of albinism is met with. 
5. The degree may vary with age. 
6. A secondary laying down of pigment in the albinotic skin in spots is a not 
uncommon feature. 
7. Albinism is very generally associated with an unusual development of the 
lanugo hairs and less commonly with mal-development of the teeth. 
8. Piebalds are comparatively rare. 
9. Spotlings are less rare. 
10. There is a very definite class in which the spotling condition affects the 
penis only. 
11. Widely distributed leucoderma is uncommon. 
12. A localised form resembling that described by Ziemann is common, but 
intermediate cases between this form and a more generalised form are seen. 
13. Some congenital cases of spotlings resemble exactly some cases of 
leucoderma. 
The grades of albinism in their relation to one another may be diagram- 
matically represented ; this arrangement has however no pretence to mathematical 
precision. 
In the same way the relations of the various conditions chai'acterised by partial 
albinotic characters may be roughly shown. 
