M. A. Lewenz and M. A. Whiteley 
349 
Left Hand Little Finger 6-75 
Thumb 6-40 
Ring Finger 6"28 
Index Finger 6-07 
Middle Finger 6 01 
This order is therefore, with the introduction of the thumb, identical with the 
result obtained from English $ hands. 
If we turn to the right hand, the order for the finger joints was: 
(i) Little Finger, (ii) Ring Finger, (iii) Middle Finger, (iv) Index 
Finger. 
This order has been considerably modified in our values for the German 
measurements : 
Right Hand 
Little Finger 
7-02 
Index Finger 
6-79 
Middle Finger 
6-33 
Thumb 
6-32 
Ring Finger 
6-2() 
the last three coefficients not being sensibly different from each other. 
Looking at the probable errors of our results, it is hardly possible to assert 
more than that the most variable finger is the little finger. 
If we take the total length of the fingers we have the following results : 
Right Hand Left Hand 
Little Finger 6-10 + -48 Thumb 5-76 + "45 
Thumb 5-93 + "47 Ring Finger 5-63 ± -44 
Ring Finger 5-45 ± -43 Little Finger 5-46 + '43 
Middle Finger o SO ± '42 Index Finger 519 ± -41 
Index Finger 4 90 + -38 Middle Finger 5-08 + -40 
These agree in making index and middle fingers least, thumb, little and ring 
fingers most variable ; results, which are in accordance with the finger-joint 
determinations*. 
Hence, without pressing to finer shades of difference which are not warranted 
owing to our paucity of data, we may conclude that (a) the index and middle 
fingers are the least variable, (6) the little finger and the thumb the most variable, 
and (c) the ring finger intermediate between these two groups. 
The middle and index fingers would appear to be the most useful, the ring and 
little fingers the least useful. It is therefore somewhat surprising to find the 
thumb grouping itself with the latter ; we must, however, bear in mind that 
looking at mammals generally the thumb exhibits greater differences than any 
other digit. 
* Loc. cit. p. 129. 
