0. D, Fawcett 
463 
all such correlations as have hitherto been calculated are remarkably small and 
remarkably divergent from race to race. Where they appear to be high, as in 
Table XIV., the result is solely due to what has been termed spurious correlation. 
Of course when many more characters have been dealt with, some high organic 
correlations may be discovered, but this discovery can hardly now upset the genei'al 
principle that the bulk of cranial characters have far smaller correlation than 
the larger boues of the skeleton or than the bones of the hand. This principle 
must somehow be deilucible from the general course of cephalic evolution in man, 
but until many more races have been statistically treated, if possible in far larger 
cranial series, and what we have termed interracial correlation coefficients have 
been determined, it would be idle to speculate on what this low correlation of 
cephalic characters really denotes from the standpoint of evolution*. Oue must 
be content at present to accumulate material ibr future interpretation. But 
enough has been indicated in this memoir to show the wide field which is open 
to craniologists, who will adopt the more recent mathematical methods in statistics. 
There is an immense amount of work to be done iti tabling both intraracial and 
interracial means, variabilities and correlations. In many cases the measurements 
are already provided, but for certain characters it is very desirable that a revised 
and more definite concordat, international if possible, should supplement the 
Frankfurter Verstandigung. The object of the present memoir has been to point 
out some defects of the older methods and to emphasize the importance of the new. 
The conviction of the mathematical contributors to this memoir is, that if they 
have done but little it is not the fault of the new methods, but of their individual 
want of skill, especially their want of previous anatomical training. 
The measurements and calculations given in detail or in the form of coefficients 
in this memoir have been the labour of upwards of six years, and it may be proper 
to again refer here to the distribution of labour, and the many friends to whom 
acknowledgment of assistance and counsel is due. Two-thirds of the measure- 
ments and the first work on most of the calculations are due to the author; an 
independent verification of her calculations and a considerable number of addi- 
tions are due to Dr Alice Lee, whose name is therefore added to the title. To 
Miss M. Lewenz are due the solutions of the triangles on which all the angle 
measurements depend, and the determination of the angular means and variabili- 
ties. To Mr N. Blanchard we owe the reductions of the Negro crania. 
We have already referred to Mr Karl Tressler's work on the diagrams ; to 
Mr Radford Sharpe's preparation of the photographs for the plates ; to Mr Herbert 
Thompson's determination of some of the length, breadth and height measurements 
and a first series of capacities; and to Dr E. Warren's help in a variety of ways, 
especially in determination of sex and in the suggestions which flowed from his 
memoir on the Naqada skeletons. To Professor Thane we owe the most cordial 
thanks for his ever ready advice and assistance, and the san\e is true of Professor 
* Compare, however, the relatively lower correlations of certain parts of the hand-skeleton, 
Biometrika, Vol. i. p. 359. 
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