ixx<x 
■APPENDIX. 
Nile (of which, in our idea, there does not appear a shadow of probability^' 
they must either be evaporated in lakes, or lost in sands. The lake of 
Kauga offers itself in a position very convenient for the purpose, and a river 
taken by Edrisi for the Niger, isactually said to pass near it. It has also 
been shewn, that in the idea of Edrisi, the Kauga lake communicated with the 
western waters: but whether this is true, or otherwise, it is not possible to 
decide. 
I do not pretend to follow Ptolemy in his decription of the rivers in the 
interior of Africa, with that precision which M. D'Anville has attempted: 
but this circumstance is clear enough, that he describes them to terminate^ 
as well as to begin^ within the continent. The same is to be said of Aga- 
themerus. 
It ris .apparent, that Ptolemy has carried the head of the Niger seven de- 
grees too far to the norths and about four, or more, too far to the west: as 
also that his inland positions in Africa, as well along the Niger, as at a 
distance from it, are yet worg to the west of the truth. But notwithstanding 
this geographical error, he proves that he knew many facts relating to the 
descriptive part of the subject. For instance, he places the source of 
the Niger, at the mountains of Mandrus^ and amongst the nation of the 
Mandori. It has been seen, that the Joliba rises in the country adjacent to 
Manding. ,He marks also a large adjunct to the Niger, from amongst the 
Maurali, in the south, answering to the river from Malel (or Melli) in 
Edrisi. To these may be added another particular of agreement. The Caphas 
mountains, of Ptolemy seem meant for those o^.Kaffaba, a country 9 or 10 
journies to the eastward of Xong; 18 short of Assentai (or Ashantee) near 
the Coast of 'Guinea:* But 1 have a doubt where to place Ptolemy's me- 
tropolis of Nigritia, in modern geography. His ideas, however, corroborate 
in the strongest manner, the present system of geography. 
Amongst the eastern waters, ihe of Ptolemy, seems to te recognized 
in the river of Bornou, and its adjuncts : the Niger, in that of Tombuctoo 
and Wangara. The Pan agr a of the same geographer answers to Wan- 
gara j and his Libya Palus, which forms the termination of the Niger, 
* Af. Assoc, 1790, cb. xii. 
