APPENDIX. 
Ixi 
Dongola seems to be satisfactorily filled up. Or, if we take the whole 
number of computed journies between Pisania on the Gambia river, and 
Dongola on the Nile, at 158 ; of which 92 are between Pisania and Ghana, 
66 between the latter and Dongola ; there will be on the former, according 
to our construction, a ratio of about 16,6 G. miles per day, on the direct 
Hoe ; and 16,9 on the latter. 
To the northward of this line, and in the quarter towards Nubia, are 
situated the countries or kingdoms of Bornou (or Kanem) Tagua, Kuku, 
Kuar, and Zagawa : and in the quarter towards Ghana, are Zanfara, and 
Zegzeg. Most of them are mentioned, as well by Leo, as by Edrisi. 
There is a route to the capital of Bornou, given in the Proceedings of the 
Association, 1790-91, by which it is placed at about SE ~ S from Mour- 
zouk, distant 660 G. miles ; whence it falls on the map exactly in the same 
parallel with Dongola, and at 524 miles to the west of it : so that the 
country of Bornou occupies the middle space between Nubia and Ghana; 
Fezzan and Sennar.* There is little doubt that Bornou is the Kanem of 
Edrisi, said to border on Nubia. Angimi (or Gimi) in particular, one of its 
cities, is said to be near Nubia, on the east.t There is a city of the name of 
Kanem, in the way from Fezzan to the capital of Bornou, as we learn not 
only from Mr. Beaufoy's MSS. but from a note in Hartmann :J but this 
cannot be the capital of Kanem, intended by Edrisi; because neither the 
bearings nor the distances to it, from Dongola and Nubia agree ; and 
also, because the bearing and distance from Dongola do agree exactly to the 
capital pointed out, by Mr. Beaufoy : and which Edrisi names Matthan, or 
Matsan. This capital he places at 31 days journey to the west of Nubia,, 
whose position, however, is too uncertain to reckon upon : but Abulfeda 
says that Zagua, or Zagara, is 20 journies west from Dongola; § and Mat- 
than, according to Edrisi, is eight journies from Zagua, (p. 15). It has 
already been noticed that the capital of Bornou falls in the same parallel 
* The capital of Bornou falls in lat. 24 0 32', Ion. 22 0 57'. The empire is said to be 
very extensive ; and its sovereign more powerful than the Emperor of Morocco : Af» 
Assoc. 1790, p. 152; O. p. 229. 
f Edrisi, p. 14. % Hartmann's Edrisi., p. 63, note (v.) § Article Soudan. 
