SOUTHERN AFRICA. 135 
In the midft of all thefe forefts the miferable hovels in which 
the graziers live are the pidlures of want and wretchednefs. 
Four low mud-walls, with a couple of fquare holes to admit the 
light, and a door of wicker-work, a few crooked poles to fup- 
port a thatch of rudies, flovenly fpread over them, ferves for 
the dwelling of many a peafant whofe ftock confifts of feveral 
thoufand fheep and as many hundred heads of cattle. The 
oxen in this particular pafture are not fo large nor fat as thofe 
farther up in the country, nor were the fheep nearly fo good as 
thofe of Camdeboo. One principal article of their revenue is 
butter. An African cow, either from its being a degenerated 
breed, or from the nature of its food, or the efFeds of the cli- 
mate, or perhaps from a combination of thefe, gives a very 
fmall quantity of poor milk. Four quarts a-day is confidered 
as fomethihg extraordinary, and about half the quantity is the 
ufual average of a cow at the very top of her milk. The but- 
ter is fometimes very good ; but the manner of plunging the 
whole milk into the churn without fufFering it to ftand and caft 
the cream, is generally againft its being fo ; nor is the leaft 
cleanlinefs obferved in the management of the dairy. 
The country about Zwart-kop's bay feems beft adapted for 
the cultivation of grain. The farmers give themfelves at this 
place no trouble to manure the land, yet reckon upon a return 
of twenty-five, thirty, and even forty, for one, efpecially if a 
ftream of water can occafionally be turned upon the ground. 
In ftiff clayey ground a fmall quantity of fheep's dung is fome- 
times employed to prevent the fragments from clodding toge- 
ther, and to make their parts lefs tenacious. How little they 
efteem 
