No. 200.J 
219 
Of six springs in the village of De Kalb. 
1st 45°Fah. 
2d 48° do 
3d 48° do 
4th, shaded, 46° do 
6th, open, 48° do 
6th 40° do 
The springs, the temperature of which I have given, all gush out in 
the valley in which the village of De Kalb is situated. They properly 
belong in the class usually called mineral springs. Abundance of tufa, 
oxide and carbonate of iron are deposited on the margin of some of 
the springs. 
Temperature of air 75°, July 10th, 1837. 
Temperature of two wells in Fowler. 
1st, open and exposed, 50° Fah. 
2d do 45° do 
Of two wells, 
1st 45° do 
2d, 15 feet deep, 44° do 
Temperature of a covered well 15 feet <leep, in Gouverneur, 47°, air 
75°, July 16. 
Boulders. 
Notwithstanding the abrasions which the county of St. Lawrence has 
suffered from currents of water, only a few boulders remain on the sur- 
face, which can be considered as having been transported from a dis- 
tance. 
A few belonging to the hypersthene rock, consistimg mostly of labra- 
dorite, are met with in Gouverneur and neighboring towns. The sub- 
ject requires farther examination before I can speak of it with confi- 
dence. 
GEOLOGY OF THE COUNTY OF ESSEX. 
The surface of this county is decidedly mountainous, in which respect 
it bears a striking contrast to St. Lawrence. In addition to this, it may 
be remarked, that the hills, as well as the mountains, are steep and abrupt, 
and almost uniformly present, on one side, a precipice nearly perpendi- 
cular. In this county, there are no long and gradual slopes, or gentle 
risings towards the mountain summit, but they are always bold and dif- 
ficult of ascent. A surface of country, thus characterized, combined 
