266 
f Assembly 
in the determination of the former state of all that part of the country 
which now makes a barrier between rocks of the same age^ the one flank- 
ing the side towards the Mohawk, the other, according to my colleague^ 
Professor Emmons, in his first report, towards the St. Lawrence and the 
Hudson, 
HERKIMER COUNTY. 
The same rocks which appear upon the surface of Montgomery coun- 
ty, likewise appear upon the surface of Herkimer county, and in the 
same general order. 
The line which separates the primary rocks north, from the transi- 
tion rocks south, commences a few miles north of Black creek, run- 
ning parallel with that creek, extending east of Ives' tavern, curving 
south to Spruce creek, down which it follows to Salisbury Centre, pass- 
ing east into Montgomery county. With the exception of Little-Falls, 
we find the whole of the primary, north of this line, extending through 
the wild and unsettled parts of the county. 
Uplifts and denudations have varied the surface, though not to the 
same extent as in Montgomery. The uplifts being confined to the 
range of the Little-Falls, to East Canada and to West Canada creeks, 
the effect of the latter one, being visible for many miles along its course, 
Middleville probably being near the point at which the calciferous sand- 
rock, the lowest rock of this uplift, attains its greatest elevation. The 
hard silicious layers whose surface undulates, and whose sides have lost 
their parallelism, occur on the creek below that village; and at Middle- 
ville we have the local, where rock, or quartz crystals, and anthracite 
coal are most abundant; the latter, however, not in quantity more than 
required for cabinet specimens. No locality, probably, in the world, 
produces more numerous, perfect, or more beautiful rock crystals, than 
Middleville; with an equal refractive power, they would more than rival 
the diamond. 
The calciferous, the birdseye and the Trenton limestone are not abun- 
dant as surface rocks; they appear in all the uplifts mentioned, and in 
the depressions below the black shale, such as are met with on the 
southwest side of Spruce creek. Black creek, and some of the tributaries 
of West Canada creek. 
The birdseye is extensively quarried for the State on the south side 
of the Mohawk, above Little-Falls, and at Snell's quarry, on East Ca- 
nada creek, about a mile or two above the river. This rock, for the 
work for which it is intended, has no superior. 
