SECOND ANNUAL lElEI>OllT 
Of the Faurth Geological District of New- York, by 
James Hall. 
*ro his Excellency William L. Marcyj 
Governor of the State of JSTew-Torh 
Sir: — Haying^ at the commencement of the last season, beeh honor- 
ed by you with the charge of the 4th Geological district, I beg leave to 
submit the following 
REPORT: 
The 4th District now comprises the counties of W^yne, Monroe, 
Orleans, Niagara, Erie, Genesee, Livingston, Ontario, Yates, Seneca, 
Chemung, and part of Tompkins; " the dividing line being nearly north 
and south, formed by the east boundary of Wayne county, the eastern 
border of Cayuga lake; thence by Ithaca to the dividing line of Tioga 
and Chemung counties, and by that line to Pennsylvania." 
Although a recdnnoisance of a great portion of this district had been 
made by Mr. Vanuxem and Mr. Conrad, while it formed a part of each 
of their respective districts, still it was necessary to obtain some gene* 
ral knowledge of its Geological structure, from personal observation^ 
before I commenced the detailed investigations of its scientific and eco- 
nomical geolgy. 
The rocks of the 4th District^ consist principally of series of lime* 
stones, shales and sandstones^ each passing into the other by insensible 
^gradations mwne points, while in others the line of separation is 
distinctly marked. Each formation or stratum, is limited on the north 
by its outcrop, and on the south of the superposition of the next suc- 
cessive deposit, under which the former disappears. The extension of 
these formations in an east and west direction, is beyond the limits of 
this district. 
