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317 
eastern sides. This may be owing partly to exposure, and to the cir- 
cumstance that the western sides of hills are frequently bared of snow 
by the westerly winds of winter. Beach, maple and bass-wood gene- 
rally prevail on the east sides of hills, and hemlock on the west. North 
of the ridge, the surface is decidedly more sandy; yet in Wolcott and 
other towns in the south part of the county, the soil is generally pro- 
ductive, the crops are good, and it is a grain growing country. 
Mineral and other Waters » 
The springs in this county arise chiefly from limestones, from shales 
and marls, which contain a proportion of lime; of course they are 
more or less impregnated with calcareous matter. Along the lake, how- 
ever, the sandstone range furnishes spings of a pure and soft water. 
Sulphur Springs, 
• Several sulphur springs arise in Brown's mill pond, about one and a 
half miles south of Newark. The water running from this pond depo- 
sits sulphur, and sulphuretted water issues from the bank at the road 
opposite the dam, and forms a whitish deposit. When the water in 
this pond becomes low, the small fishes which it contains are sometimes 
found dead, floating on the surface. No other cause than the properties 
of the sulphurous springs has been assigned for this fact. 
On Salmon creek near the forge in Sodus, a weak sulphurous spring 
rises from the red sandstone and forms a reddish deposit. One or two 
sulphur springs also occur in and near Palmyra. At Jenkins' hill in 
the village of Clyde, there was a weak mineral spring, probably of a 
sulphurous nature. With the exception of that on Salmon creek, all 
these springs occur in gypseous rocks. About half a mile north- 
east of Marion Centre, a sulphur spring arises from the bituminous lime- 
stone. The place is resorted to by residents of the vicinity, and occa- 
sional visiters. 
Salt Springs. 
The old Galen salt works are situated on lot No. 54 in the town of 
Savannah, immediately on the western edge of the Cayuga marshes. 
The spring is large, and is indeed quite a pond — say twenty feet in dia- 
meter. Salt was manufactured about twenty-five years since, when 
the country was new, and but thinly settled. 
One or two salt springs formerly appeared in the creek, a short dis- 
tance below Wolcott furnace; they are now neglected and filled with 
fresh water. These spring-s were worked in 1815, and furnished a red- 
