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made of pure clay. Mr. Bannister, the proprietor of one of the kilns, 
informs us that the lower part of the bed yields a clay which makes a 
good fire brick; if so, it differs from that of the upper part of the bed, 
which contains a little lime, as is shown by its effervescence with acids. 
About one and a half miles northwest of the Walworth corners, we saw 
a good brick clay; it is yellowish and does not effervesce with acids. 
At Williamson corners, just north of the ridge, is a yellowish clay, 
which also appears to be pure, and has been used for the manufacture 
of brick. A bed of potter's clay is noticed on the lake shore, near the 
mouth of Salmon creek. 
Sand and Gravel, 
Fine and coarse sand, and also gravel, occur in the numerous low 
ridges in the southern part of Wayne county. Gravel generally pre- 
vails upon the eastern sides of the hills, while upon the opposite sides 
the deposits are finer. An extensive bed of fine white sand was expos- 
ed in the excavations for the Sodus canal, in the southern part of the 
town of Rose. 
In the town of Wolcott, about one mile north of the furnace, on the 
west side of the bay, we visited a deposit of fine sand, gravel and coarse 
pebbles, all in the same bank or side-hill, about thirty feet above the 
surface of the bay. The pebbles are rounded, flattened and smooth, 
coated with a crust of carbonate of lime, and are generally similar to 
the ridge pebbles, and those on the lake shore. 
About Clyde there is such an abundance of pebbles of a dark blue 
limestone, that they might be collected and burned into lime with pro- 
fit; this has been done in the county of Alleghany, and elsewhere, at 
points where limestone does not occur in place. The pebbles appear 
to be slightly bituminous, but differ from the bituminous limestone 
which occurs about six miles north, in the town of Rose. They have 
also a coating of carbonate of lime, similar to that on the ridge pebbles. 
Boulders, 
Primitive boulders are noticed in abundance in Wayne county, but 
they do not occur of a large size; they seldom exceed half a ton in 
weight. Some of them could be distinguished as of similar character to 
rocks in the northern counties of the State, and among all the erratic 
masses which I have noticed, none were considered to be of southern 
origin. A great variety of primitive boulders occur in and about the 
village of Clyde, also in the town of Butler. 
