No. 200.J 
321 
Near Clyde, the gypseous marl occurs, of a c'ark gray colour, slaty 
structure, and contains marine fossils, among which are Orthocera, Tri- 
lobites, and a variety of shells. 
At Lockville, one mile east of Newark, it occurs, greenish, reddish, 
and variegated, in the banks of the canal, and in various excavations, 
especially at a race-way from Price's mill. At the latter place I exa- 
mined and collected the marl. The greenish variety occurs amorphous, 
and contains gypsum in irregular or curious crystals. It effervesces 
with acids. Another variety is slaty, gray or ash colour, soft, penetrat- 
ed by numerous very thin seams of gypsum, and does not effervesce with 
acids. It appears to be entirely argillaceous, slackens upon exposure to 
air and moisture, and crumbles to a dry earthy powder. 
The crystals referred to above, as occurring in the greenish marl, are 
somewhat in form like the hopper shaped crystals of salt; they appear 
like cubes which have a thin lateral expansion from each edge of the 
crystal, which expansion frequently exceeds the diameter of the central 
crystal. Both surfaces of these expansions are transversely striated, and 
inclined at an angle of 135° to each surface of the central cube. The 
planes of the central cube are slightly concave, but not striated. The 
impressions of these striated crystals have been frequently noticed in the 
gypseous rocks of Onondaga, Monroe, and other western counties; but 
at most localities the original crystals have disappeared, and the rocks 
present only their cavities, the walls of which are curiously striated. 
These cavities are also sometimes lined with small transparent rhombic 
crystals of gypsum. 
Bog and Argillaceous Iron. 
Bog Iron. — About one mile east of Lockville, on Howser's farm, we 
collected some fine bog iron. It covers about an acre; occurs in large 
solid masses near the surface, and is frequently turned up by the plough. 
Argillaceous Iron. — A stratum or bed of argillaceous oxide of iron 
extends through Wayne county, parallel to and at the distance of about 
two miles from the lake. Furnaces for the reduction of this ore have 
been constructed in the tow^ns of Wolcott, Sodus and Ontario. It has 
been ground for paint, and hence receives the name of paint ore. It 
belongs to the lenticular variety of mineralogists. It is always accom- 
panied by greenish argillaceous shales, and thin layers of shell lime- 
stone, and the ore itself appears to be composed chiefly of marine shells 
and other fossils, similar to those in the shales and limestones above and 
below. 
[Asscm. No. 200.J 37 
