324 
[Assembly 
Hydraulic Lirne. 
We consider that the materials for the production of water-cement 
occur in this county, although they are not at present explored. One 
mile south of Newark there occurs a gray sandy limestone of a slaty 
structure, which resembles the hydraulic limestone of Onondaga county. 
Also, in the south part of Williamson appears a slaty, siliceous lime- 
stone, similar to, and in the same range with the hydraulic limestone of 
Monroe county. The Williamson rocks are immediately under the bi- 
tuminous limestone presently to be mentioned under the head of build- 
ing stones, while those near Newark are above it, and also superior to 
the gypsum. A similar rock occurs at Merrick's mill on Van Awken's 
creek, in the town of Rose. 
Firesiones. 
Limestone containing an abundance of shells and other fossil remains 
is generally employed in this county for hearth stones, and in other situ- 
ations exposed to frequent changes of temperature. Such were noticed 
at Merrick's mill, in the town of Rose; in the town of Sodus, south of 
the ridgCj and in other parts of the county, in the range of slates under 
the bituminous limestone. 
The sandstones of Beard's creek and Little Red creek, in the town 
of Wolcott, endure the action of heat sufficiently well to answer for 
side stones of furnaces, and they are employed for that purpose at Wol- 
cott. When exposed to a red heat, and beyond, they do not swell or 
expand, on the contrary, they appear to contract, so that when used for 
the hearth, the temp stone (which is like the key stone of an arch) has 
sometimes fallen out. 
At present, at the Wolcott furnace, they use and approve of the Os- 
wego stone, viz: the red sandstone of Oswego falls, which is a part of 
the same formation as this in Wayne. The Oswego stone swells or 
expands upon being heated, and is therefore well adapted for hearth 
stones. 
At the glass-house in Clyde, they have employed the Haverstraw 
sandstone, but at present they use, in preference, the stone from Perry- 
opolis, Penn., and from Vienna, Ontario county. 
Building Stones. 
The range of limestone that we have referred to under the head of 
quicklime, passes through this county about midway between Lake On- 
tario and the Erie canal, in an east and west direction, having a width 
