No. 200.] 
335 
road, half a mile from the springs, the proprietor has opened a hotel, 
where visiters will find excellent accommodations. There is also a fine 
spring of this kind in Ogden, situated near the centre of the town, w^hich 
is one of the pleasantest villages in the county. With Mr. Landon, the 
proprietor, visiters will find hospitality, and every attention conducive to 
comfort and pleas\ire. This spring rises from the limestone, about thirty 
feet below the surface. The place was formerly a well, but failing to 
yield a sufficient supply of water, it was penetrated to this depth, and 
is now a perennial spring, but unfit for ordinary purposes. The taste 
of this water indicates the presence of one or more salts, which renders 
it rather agreeable than otherwise. 
There is a copious spring of this kind, rising to the surface, on the 
land of Timothy Colby, in Ogden. 
The Riga mineral springs are considerably known, and are said to be 
very beneficial in some cases of cutaneous diseases, and in liver com- 
plaints. These springs rise from near the junction of the limestone with 
the gypseous rocks above. Inflammable gas (carburetted hydrogen) 
rises from this spring in sufficient quantities to supply a constant flame 
from a half inch tube. Iron is an ingredient of the water, as appears 
from the tests applied, and the presence of some salt is indicated by its 
taste. The rock from which the spring issues is a dark green gypseous 
marl. 
Several hydro-sulphuretted springs issue from the shale along the Ge- 
nesee below Rochester, but none of them are very copious. The Messrs. 
Longmuir, at Rochester, have obtained a copious spring of this kind, by 
boring through the limestone into the shale below. This spring is much 
frequented, both for the purpose of drinking the water and for bathing. 
Similar springs may be mentioned in every town in the county. 
Many springs contain large quantities of carbonate of lime in solu- 
tion, which, as the water comes to the air, is deposited in the form of 
tufa, or a fine pulverulent marl. Where the quantity is small, it forms 
the porous vesicular deposit called tufa; but where the water is abun- 
dant, or where the spring rises in a level tract or swamp, the deposit is 
marl. The most copious spring of this kind is in Caledonia,' Livingston 
county, though the deposit is chiefly made in Monroe county. There 
is a similar spring at the source of Mill creek. After the carbonate of 
lime is deposited, the water of these springs is nearly pure, w^ith the ex- 
ception of a little muriate of lime. The deposits from these springs 
will be mentioned under tufa and marl. 
