352 
[Assembly 
soil, which produces good crops. But little plaster is employed as ma- 
nure. 
From Sandy-creekville the country inclines very gradually to the 
lake; about three miles north of the village we cross a tract of clay 
land about one mile in width. Two miles west of the village it ap- 
proaches quite to the ridge. 
In Carlton, the soil is a sandy loam. 
The northern part of Orleans embraces many fine farms, and although 
the soil is sandy, are very productive. Farms immediately along the 
ridge are also more productive than we should expect from the charac- 
ter of the soil, but the sand of the ridge we suppose to be not exclu- 
sively siliceous, but to contain considerable lime. 
In the immediate vicinity of Albion clay prevails in the soil, and 
about two miles east there is a very sandy tract, of limited extent. 
The soil upon the limestone range in the towns of Shelby, Barre 
and Clarendon, appears to be an excellent mixture of clay, sand and 
lime, and is very productive. But little plaster is used in this part of 
the county, and there is evidently but slight necessity for it, inasmuch 
as the soil is the result chiefly of the underlying limestones, and lime- 
stone shales. The road from South Barre to Clarendon runs upon the 
limestone range. 
Springs and Mineral Waters. 
North of the Erie canal the springs and wells furnish good soft wa- 
ter. On the limestone range, and in the county south of the canal, the 
water is hard, containing lime. 
At Barre, in digging a well, rock occurred at 24 feet; upon passing 
into the rock 17 feet a cavity was found, from which a copious sup- 
ply of water issued, rose to the surface, and is permanent. 
At South Barre, limestone is found at the depth of 17 feet, and wa- 
ter generally obtained at the surface of the rock, or upon penetrating 
it for a short distance. 
Salt Springs. 
A number of salt springs have been noticed in Orleans county, and 
always upon the range of sandstone. 
In the town of Ridge way, one and a half miles north of Medina, 
near Oak Orchard creek, is a saline spring, now neglected and nearly 
