SOUTHERN AFRICA. v^v. 
posed. The maxims of the State forbad it at a time when it 
was more poHtic to prevent emigrations than now, when an 
abundant population, ocGasionally above the level of the 
means of subsistence, subjects thousands to perish at home 
for want of the necessaries of life. Emigrations take place 
every year to Manilla, Batavia, Prince of Wales's Island, and 
to other parts of the eastern world. 
In the more distant parts of the colony, where the land is. 
not only better, but large tracts occur that are wholly unoc- 
cupied, it would be adviseable to hold out the same sort of 
encouragement to the Hottentots as they have met with from 
the Hernhiiters at Bavian's Kloof ; a measure that would be 
equally beneficial to the boor and the Hottentot, and put a 
stop to the many atrocious murders and horrid cruelties which 
are a disgrace to humanity. 
The next step to improvement would be to oblige all the 
Dutch landholders to enclose their estates, agreeably to the 
original plans which are deposited in the Secretary's Office.. 
By planting hedge rows and trees, the grounds would not 
only be better sheltered, but the additional quantity of 
moisture that would be attracted from the air, would prevent 
the surface from being so much scorched in the summer 
months. The almond, as I have observed, grows rapidly iu- 
the driest and poorest soils, and so does the pomegranate, both 
of which would serve for hedges. The lemon-tree, planted 
thick, makes a profitable as well as an extremely beautiful and 
excellent hedge, but it requires to be planted on ground that 
is rather moist. The keurboom or sopJiora capensis grows in. 
