SOUTHERN AFRICA. 225 
as a defence against any attack either by land or by sea. 
This citadel is the present castle, a regular pentagon fort, 
with two ravelins and some other trifling outworks, and sur- 
rounded by a wet ditch ; but so injudiciously placed, in the 
very lowest part, or sink, of the valley that, although it com- 
mands the town and part of the anchorage, it is itself com^ 
manded by the ground rising from it in a gradual slope to the 
Devil's Hill, which renders it on this side not defensible. 
This slope is now occupied as high as the commencement of 
the perpendicular rocky side of the Devil's Hill, by various 
redoubts, batteries, and block-houses commanding each other 
and the advance ground to the castle, all of which were added 
by Sir James Craig. 
During the American \var, when the French were at the 
Cape, they threw up lines with two redoubts to protect the 
approach to the castle on the land side, the expence of which 
they defrayed in paper money. These lines, however, ex- 
tending no farther up the tongue of land that projects from 
the Devil's Hill, than the point. No. 12, in the map, wer® 
liable to be turned between that point and the craggy sum- 
mit D; a manoeuvre, I believe, Avhich General Craig intended 
to put in practice, provided the Dutch, after being driven 
out of Wynberg, were disposed to make a stand at the Treneh 
lines. He therefoi-e, very properly, ordered a batteiy and 
block-house to be constructed immediately under D, and a 
second a little lower down the hill, which, with the two re- 
doubts in the hnes, and Fort de Knokke at their extremity 
on the shore of Table Ba>', being all within the compass of 
SOOO yards, would enable the garrison to keep up such a cross 
VOL. II. G a 
