SOUTHERN AFRICA. 347 
beginnings into affluence, such profession may be followed 
with a greater certainty of success than man}' others whicli 
appear to hold out more seducing prospects. The American 
fishermen never set out with a capital, but invariably work 
themselves into one ; and the South Sea Fishery from Eng- 
land may succeed on the same principle, as the above ex- 
ample clearly shews, under every disadvantage, when properly 
conducted. 
It is difficult to point out the grounds of justice or policy 
in giving tonnage bounties to the Greenland Fishery^ and 
only premiums to successful adventurers in the Southern 
Fishery. A voyage to Greenland is four months, tlie outfit 
of which is covered by the tonnage bountj', and, if whoil}^ 
unsuccessful, the same ship can make a second voyage the 
same year to some of the ports of the Baltic. A voyage to 
the South Sea is from twelve to eighteen months, and must 
depend solely on the success in fishing. A Greenland ship 
sets out on a small capital, and builds on a quick return ; 
but a South Sea whaler must expend a very considerable 
capital in making his outfit, for which he can reckon on no 
returns for at least eighteen months. Hence the usual 
practice of sending them out in the double capacity of 
fishers and contraband traders, in order that the losses thej 
may sustain by ill success in fishing may be made good by 
smuggling. 
If by extending the fishery we should be enabled to supply 
the continent of Europe, two objects should never be out of 
the view of the Legislature — the exemption from duty of all 
Y Y 2 
