J. F. Tocher 
147 
smaller areas are considered) the following plan will be followed with respect to 
Scotland geographically. The distribution of each class with respect to the eight 
great divisions of Scotland, as understood by the Registrar-General and used in 
the census and other official reports, will first be considered. Then the county 
distributions will be noted and finally the distributions with respect to the 
smallest unit — the district — will be dealt with. Thus the reader (1) will get an 
appreciation of the nature of the distribution in general terras, i.e. the significant 
inter-divisional differences will be determined and pointed out ; (2) will learn how 
far counties differ from one another, thus enabling the reader to note intra- 
divisional as well as inter-county differences ; and finally (3) will see what localities 
influence the various county and divisional differences, thus detecting differences 
occurring within each county — that is, the significant intra-county or purely local 
differences. It should be noted that the frequencies of the various classes of a 
character such as hair colour or eye colour are correlated. Thus an excessive 
frequency of one class would point to a defect in the frequency of one or more of 
the other classes. Before describing the various differences, it will be useful here 
to show the total frequencies of each class and their percentages for the whole of 
Scotland. These are as follow (Table VI.) : 
TABLE VI. 
Colour Distnhution of Scottish Children. 
Hair 
Eyes 
Fair 
Ked 
Medium 
Dark 
Jet 
Black 
Blue 
Light 
Medium 
Dark 
Totals 
Boys A 
V B 
Girls A 
„ B 
64.312 
24-950 
67036 
27-430 
14162 
5-494 
12435 
5-088 
111569 
43-283 
99873 
40-866 
64511 
25-027 
62073 
25-399 
3212 
1-246 
2972 
1-216 
.37788 
14-660 
36347 
14-873 
78140 
30-314 
74068 
30 -.307 
84334 
.32-717 
78,357 
32-062 
57504 
22-309 
55617 
22-758 
257766 
per cent. 
244389 
per cent. 
Boys A and Girls A=total frequencies of each class for whole of Scotland for boys and girls 
respectively. 
Boys B and Girls B = percentages of each class for whole of Scotland for boys and girls 
respectively. 
The following tables (Tables VII., VIII. and IX.) give the values of the 
relative local differences for hair colour and eye colour of both boys and girls. 
These differences, classed as described in Section 5, are shown in the maps, named 
in the course of the descriptions of the differences in each colour class in this 
section (Maps III. to XL.), and are the basis of the following remarks: 
19-2 
