170 Pigmentation Survey of School Children in Scotland 
bounded by Strath Glass eastward, includes Skye in the west and terminates in 
Islay and Jura for boys and Mull for girls. This is of course the heart of the 
Gaelic speaking region. The region of the Caledonian Canal is less divergent than 
the west, but passing over to Perthshire, East Inverness due again to excess of fair 
and jet black, and Moray due to fair, the divergency increases. The divergency of 
the population eastward of this diminishes but it is still high in Donside in 
Aberdeenshire. Travelling southwards, it again reaches a maximum in the region 
of Dunkeld and eastward towards the coast, but excluding it, due again to blackness 
and fairness. As already pointed out in the county groups, the east coast is not 
very divergent, Fife being the most divergent portion of the coast-line. The region 
around Dunfermline, due to a large excess of fair, is widely divergent, as also is 
Midlothian from the same cause. Berwick, north of the Tweed, is a divergent 
population, but Roxburgh, south of the Tweed, is very like the general population. 
From Berwick the divergency follows the Tweed and passing through Selkirk and 
Peebles reaches the Sol way Firth, where it again turns in a north-western 
direction ( $ ), avoiding Galloway which, as has been already pointed out, passably 
resembles the general population. The divergency ( $) maintains the same degree 
in Ayr (north) as in Dumfries, but excepting a portion south of Ayr burgh the 
whole of the south-west population of boys is fairly homogeneous. 
As shown by the district grouping the local populations of boys which passably 
resemble the general population, are the regions of West Caithness, the south 
coast of the Moray Firth, excepting Elgin, the Deveron Valley, the Ythan valley^ 
Deeside, Kincardineshire, the south-west of the Firth of Forth, the south-east of 
Fife, the Lothians, the Teviot valley and the south-west of Scotland — that is, west 
of Peebles and Dumfries, and south of Renfrew and North Lanark. Speaking 
generally of the boy population, the populous area commencing in the north-east 
and ending in the region of Glasgow, i.e. in the northern portion of the south-west 
(including most of the intervening area), is the least divergent area for boys. The 
north-west and south-east are the most divergent — the north-west mainly because 
of its darkness, and the south-east mainly because of its fairness. 
The divergency of the girl population is different in some respects. Only a 
small portion of the coast near Inverness is non-divergent instead of the larger tract 
for boys. The Lothians, a considerable portion of Dumfries, the northern part of 
Kirkcudbright and Ayr north of the burgh are all more divergent than the boy 
population and do not passably resemble the general population as the corre- 
sponding groups for boys do. The northern portion of Argyll and the southern 
portion of Inverness are non -divergent girl populations, the corresponding boy 
populations being much more divergent. On the whole the non-divergent girl 
groups are more isolated from one another than the boy groups, and the separation 
of the population (excluding certain towns) diagonally into an east-north-east and 
midland non-divergent population and a west-north-west and east-south-east 
divergent one is not so apparent. In a general way one can see that the district 
groups confirm the results of the county analysis. One can see from the district 
