6 
DEVONIAN FAUNA. 
1889. Cypeicardia neglecta, Whidborne. Geol. Mag., Dec. 3, vol. vi, p. 79. 
1889. Ctpbicardinia gbatiosa, Barrois. Faun. Calc. d'firbray, p. 171, pi. xi, 
figs. 10 a, h. 
Description. — 'Shell small, convex, angulated, elongate, subquadrate. Umbones 
small, jflattened, compressed, sharp, curving forward, situate at the anterior 
point. Hinge-line long, slightly convex behind the umbones and arching rapidly in 
front of them, sunk below the superior margin, apparently with a ligamental space 
below the umbones, and with an external ligament behind them. Superior margin 
slightly convex ; about two-thirds the length of the shell. Lunule small, cordate, 
concave, undefined. Escutcheon very large, bounded by the line running from 
the back of the umbones to the postero-inferior point, within which it is first 
slightly concave and then rises to form the hind wing. Anterior margin narrow, 
convex. Inferior margin gently undulating, being concave in the centre and convex 
in front and behind. Posterior margin straight, oblique. Infero-posterior point 
produced, rounded. Contour of shell elevated and nearly flat on the back, and 
rounding rapidly over the post-umbonal line. Hind wing large, triangular, flat. 
Surface marked by about eighteen transverse, elevated, rounded cords, less than 
their own width apart, very small on the umbo, and gradually increasing till 
they become very large in the marginal portion ; each cord following the 
marginal contour, itself being small anteriorly, gradually increasing in size until it 
has passed the post-umbonal keel, again becoming suddenly smaller, and then 
continuing of a uniform and median size until it is truncated by the upper margin. 
8ize: — Length 11 mm., breadth 7 mm., depth 5 mm. 
Locality. — Lummaton. There is a fine example of the double shell in the 
Torquay Museum ; twenty-one specimens, chiefly of single valves, are in my 
Collection, and five in the Woodwardian Museum. 
Remarks. — This distinct little shell is decidedly common at Lummaton, where 
I have found very many examples, although the valves are very rarely in contact, 
and it is almost impossible to extract them from the matrix so as to show the 
hinge. They vary somewhat in length, and in the expansion of the anterior side 
beyond the umbo, but their peculiar large step-like ribs give them a very distinctive 
appearance. Nevertheless it has been by no means easy to decide whether they 
are to be referred to any of the species which Phillips has figured. After repeated 
examinations, however, I feel confident that the only one that can be identical is 
Modiola scalaHs, the surface of which he describes as " ridged by about fifteen 
elevated, narrow threads, . . . separated by wider flat spaces, in which are 
fine strise parallel to the elevated threads." This is not shown in his figure, and 
certainly does not accurately describe the ornament of the Lummaton fossils. His 
type specimen, however, as well as two others from Berry Pomeroy, is in the 
Museum of Practical Geology ; they are all crushed and defective, but evidently 
