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Mixcellanca 
our measure the inverse of tlie number of bumps made on the three mazes added together. We 
found steadiness of hand (i.e. inverse of total bumps) and time learnt now had the significant 
correlation of + -4030 ± -0755, while age and steadiness of hand gave a correlation of 
+ -4877 ± -0895. 
We now corrected these last two correlations for age and time learnt respectively and found: 
steadiness of hand and time learnt for constant age - -0034 + -1174, age and steadiness of hand 
for time learnt constant + •3015 ± -1067. There is thus: 
(a) no relation between steadiness of hand and time during which drawing has been learnt, if 
we correct for age; 
{h) a definite relation between steadiness of hand and age, if we correct for length of time 
drawing has been learnt. 
The corresponding correlations in the case of the whole population under discussion were: 
Steadiness of hand and time learnt for constant age + -0334 ± -0900, 
Age and steadiness of hand for time learnt constant + -3731 ± -0776, 
in sensible agreement with those for the special population who had not begun drawing before 
10 years, although in the latter ease the correlation of age and time learnt was + -8565 as against 
+ -5051 for the general population. 
As far as these results go they confirm the view that steadiness of hand is an innate character 
developing with age, but having little association with training in drawing. 
(5) We now turn to "craft" and "imagination" as factors in drawing abihty. If these be 
correlated with efficiency in maze-tracing, it will not necessarily follow that efficiency in maze- 
tracing is associated with effective drawing training, as apart from length of training. Possibly 
craft and imagination in drawing are themselves in the first place innate characters, developing 
no doubt with age, but not necessarily intimately associated with time during which training has 
been given. 
In dealing with "imagination" and "craft" the method of " biserial-r" was adopted. Poor 
craft contains the classes "minus," very bad and bad, and good craft, the classes medium, good 
and very good. Poor imagination contains the classes minus, very bad, bad and medium, and 
good imagination the classes good and very good*. 
We have first to note the influences of age and time learnt on craft and imagination. 
TABLE V. 
Influence of Time Learnt and Age on Craft and I niigi nation. 
Character pair 
Value of correlation 
Good imagination and age 
Good imagination and time learnt 
Good craft and age 
Good craft and time learnt 
- -479 ± -094 
+ -033 d= -090 
- -096 ± -112 
+ -166 ± -114 
Good imagination and age for constant time learnt 
Good imagination and time learnt for constant age 
Good craft and age for constant time learnt 
Good craft and time learnt for constant age 
- -575 ± [-OGOJt 
+ -363 ± [-0781 
- -217 ± [-086] 
+ -261 ± [-083] 
Now the absolute correlations are extremely interesting, there is no relation between time 
learnt and either imagination or craft; these factors of drawing capacity appear like steadiness and 
* The choice of series was made solely with a view to obtaining not too small frequency in the smaller 
series. 
I Probable errors of these partial correlations are given as rough estimates for they are calculated on 
the basis of all the component correlations having been found by the product-moment method. 
