Volume IV 
NOVEMBER, 1905 
No. 3 
A 
DATA FOR THE PROBLEM OF EVOLUTION IN MAN. 
ON FERTILITY, DURATION OF LIFE AND REPRODUCTIVE 
SELECTION. 
By a. O. POWYS, Statist's Office, Melbourne. 
A. On the Correlation between Duration of Life and Number of Offspring. 
In a previous paper on this subject* the data were derived from the published 
records of New South Wales for the two years 1898 and 1899, and referred only 
to the deaths of married women. As the experience of the subsequent three 
years with regard to married women, and that of 1901 and 1902 with regard to 
married men, are now available"!", I have used the complete experience for each 
sex as the basis of a fresh investigation of the correlation between the duration 
of life and number of offspring, and as the number of observations is large, viz. 
15,548 deaths of married women and 7303 of married men, the results should 
be of some value in the determination of this subject. In Tables I. and II. are 
TABLE 1. 
Ages of Married Men at Death and Average Number of Offspring {Living 
and Dead). Experience of New South Wales, 1901 aiid 1902. 
Ages at Death 
Deaths of 
Married Men 
Total 
Offspring 
Average 
Offspring 
20 and under 25 
43 
39 
■91 
25 
30 
173 
212 
1-23 
SO 
35 
296 
691 
2-33 
35 
)) 
40 
477 
1454 
3-05 
40 
)T 
45 
574 
2329 
4-06 
45 
50 
603 
2927 
4-85 
50 
)? 
55 
578 
3073 
5-32 
55 
jj 
60 
642 
3908 ■ 
6-09 
60 
)) 
65 
731 
4452 
6-09 
65 
)» 
70 
.913 
5804 
6-36 
70 
5> 
75 
849 
5651 
6-66 
75 
7) 
80 
591 
3653 
6-18 
80 
)5 
85 
428 
2774 
6-48 
85 
90 
267 
1747 
6 -.54 
90 
)» 
95 
96 
640 
6-67 
95 
100 
33 
218 
6-61 
100 and 
over 
9 
43 
4-78 
Total 
7,303 
39,615 
5-42 
* Biometrika, Vol. i. Part i. pp. 34 — 38. 
t Vide "Vital Statistics" of New South Wales for 1900, 1901 and 1902. 
Biometrika iv 30 
