A. O. POWYS 
281 
results can be modified in accordance with the rates of marriage in the various 
classes of occujiations, condition (6) will also be complied with. 
The occupations are divided into six classes, viz., I. Professional (maiuly en- 
gaged in the government and defence of the country, and in satisfying the moral, 
intellectual and social wants of its inhabitants). II. Domestic (persons engaged 
in the supply of board and lodging and in rendering personal service for which 
remuneration is usually paid). III. Commercial (persons directly connected with 
the hire, sale, transfer, distribution, storage, and security of property and materials). 
IV. Industrial (persous principally engaged in various works of utility, &c., 
i.e., artisans). V. Pastoral, Agricultural, and Mining. VI. Indefinite. Table 
XXVIII. shows the number of deaths in the various classes during the years 1895 
to 1899, together with the living and dead offspring, the average to each class, and 
the proportion of living to total offspring. 
TABLE XXVIII. 
1 
Offspring 
Average Offsisring 
Percentage 
Number of 
of Living 
Occupation 
Deaths 
to Total 
Living 
Dead 
Total 
Living 
Dead 
Total 
Offspring 
I. 
Professional 
886 
2896 
972 
3868 
3-269 
1-097 
4-366 
74-9 
II. 
Domestic ... 
707 
2429 
847 
3276 
3-436 
1-198 
4-634 
74-1 
III. 
Commercial 
3116 
10929 
3706 
14635 
3-507 
1-189 
4-696 
74-7 
IV. 
Industrial ... 
5074 
19176 
7143 
26319 
3-779 
1-408 
5-187 
72-9 
V. 
Pastoral, Agricultural and Mining- 
5564 
26730 
7484 
34214 
4-804 
1 -345 
6-149 
78-1 
VI. 
Indefinite ... 
454 
1821 
727 
2548 
4-011 
1-601 
5-612 
71-5 
Total 
15801 
63981 
20879 
84860 
4-049 
1-321 
5-370 
75-4 
Taking the results as they stand and disregarding the Indefinite class (the 
members of which should really have been distributed amongst the other classes) 
we find that the essentially Rural class — Pastoral, Agricultural, and Mining — yields 
the largest gross and largest net results and the Professional the lowest in both. 
The order of gross fertility which is also that of net fertility is Pastoral &c., 
Industrial, Commercial, Domestic, Professional. We also see with regard to the 
last four classes which comprise for the most part the urban occupations that the 
greatest mortality occurs in the largest families, with the slight exception in the 
cases of the Domestic and Commercial classes. This is in agreement with the 
results obtained by Professor Pearson in dealing with Rubin and Westergaard's 
Copenhagen statistics. But in this instance natural selection has not disturbed 
the order of gross fertility. But the rural class with by far the greatest fertility 
has also the least infantile and juvenile mortality, and it would seem likely that 
this class would ^^ltimately recruit society. But the results shown in the sixth 
column of Table XXVIII. have yet to be modified by the marriage rates of each 
Biometrika iv 36 
