E. TSCHEPOURKOWSKY 
289 
mostly from my own measurements, we find a very interesting fact : the correlation 
of the cephalic index and upper face index is positive, i.e. the upper face height 
increases more rapidly with brachycephaly tlian the bizygomatic breadth, so that 
mongoloid races having very prominent jaws have, however, the upper face lo:iger 
than negroid races. It depends, I think, upon the diminution of prognatism, and 
represents morphologically a moi'e advanced state of phylogenetic growth. Perhaps 
it stands in connection with the more advanced development of the base in the 
case of brachycephals, which was first noticed by Schaffer. Intraracially I obtained 
the results represented in the Table II. 
TABLE II. 
Skulls Intraracial Variation and Correlation of Cephalic Index and 
Upper Face Form. 
Race 
No. of 
Cases 
Means 
Standard Deviations 
CoeiTicient of 
Correlation 
Cephalic 
Index 
Upper Face 
Index 
Cepbalic 
Index 
Upper Face 
Index 
Australians 
66 
71-03 
49-35 
2-85 
2-93 
+ -089 
Negroes 
77 
74-34 
51-27 
3-60 
3-95 
+ -182 
_ Duke of York Islanders 
53 
70-90 
48-70 
2-91 
3-22 
- -093 
Malays 
60 
80-20 
50-23 
4-70 
2-80 
- -185 
Fijians 
32 
69-59 
49-47 
4-58 
3-31 
+ -217 
Papuans 
39 
72-36 
49-51 
4-41 
3-40 
- -255 
Polynesians 
44 
77-68 
50-23 
5-20 
3-70 
+ -002 
Alfourous 
19 
80-73 
50-89 
5-71 
3-82 
- -302 
Micronesians ... 
32 
74-41 
51-15 
3-69 
3-71 
- -251 
Copts ... 
34 
77-44 
54-53 
4-83 
3-10 
-•147 
Eti'uscans 
47 
78-15 
54-15 
2-93 
2-75 
--021 
Europeans 
80 
80-24 
53-95 
3-80 
3-44 
- -198 
Ancient Thebans 
152 
75-05 
53-52 
3-17 
3-54 
- -067 
It follows from them that intraracially the correlation is mostly negative. 
For nasal and cephalic indexes I found a slight positive correlation for the 
races of Russia. 
3. The interracial correlation of the diameters of the head with stature shows 
that the height — measured from tragus to vertex — and the length slightly increase, 
but the breadth decreases. In accordance with these correlations we find that 
with the increase of stature not only the breadth of skull, but also the bizygomatic 
breadth of the face decreases. It is perhaps a general rule that horizontal diameters 
of the head decrease with increase of stature while vertical and longitudinal 
diameters increase. 
4. Passing now to the cranial correlations we find interracially the negative 
correlation between length and breadth, which is in accordance with Dr Alice Lee's 
researches. The correlation of length with height is large and positive, of height 
Biometrika iv 37 
