290 Contributions to the Study of Interracial Correlation 
with breadth negative. In the diameters of the face we find a high correlation 
between upper face height and bizygomatic breadth. Very interesting is the fact 
that the upper face height is more closely correlated with breadth than with 
length. The bizygomatic breadth on the contrary is more correlated with length 
than with breadth. Both diameters of the face are very slightly correlated with 
the height. The minimum frontal breadth is positively correlated with length 
and breadth and negatively with height. 
It follows from the values of the above constants that interracially with the 
increase of the length of the skull the breadth diminishes ; the height and basal 
length on the contrary increase as well as the stature. 
5. For interracial variation we have the chief results presented in the Table III. 
below. We conclude from these constants that interracially the length of the 
TABLE III. 
Coefficients of Interracial Variation. 
Character 
Coefficients 
of Variation 
Living 
Subjects 
Skulls 
Stature 
2-02 
Cephalic Index 
3-58 
6-34 
Face Index 
3-29 
Upper Face Index 
3-87 
Nasal Index 
10-40 
Cephalic Length ... 
1-49 
2-57 
Cephalic Breadth ... 
2-93 
4-71 
Cephalic Height ... 
4-95 
3-30 
Bizygomatic Breadth 
3-40 
3-14 
Minimum Frontal Breadth 
2-76 
Upper Face Height 
5-29 
Skull Basis 
3 32 
skull is less variable than the breadth. The height in the case of skulls is also 
less variable than the breadth. The variation constants for length and breadth of 
living subjects are in accordance with those for the skulls, but the height is not to 
be compared in the two cases : in living subjects it is measured as the distance 
between tragus and vertex, and its great variability is, I think, partly owing to 
the impossibility of perfect measurement, partly to inconstancy of tragus. Very 
interesting also is the great variability of the upper face height as compared with 
that of the bizygomatic breadth. 
From the above given constants we can deduce, I think, the following statement: 
Tlie varieties of the human headform are mostly owing to the variation of the 
breadth. 
