EUOMPHALUS. 
257 
spiral ridges, crossed by numerous smaller transverse lines. Umbilicus very wide 
and shallow. Peristome thickened. Whorl sometimes bearing a transverse varix 
at some distance behind the mouth. 
Size. — Height 8 mm., width 25 mm. 
Locality. — Wolborough. Phillips's type is in the Museum of Practical Greology, 
and there is another specimen in the Woodwardian Museum. 
Bemarls. — This species was regarded by Phillips as a Nautilus. He compared 
it with iV". sulcatus, Sowerby,^ N. subsulcatus, Phillips,^ and N. q-uadratus , Fleming ;^ 
but from all these species it differs very widely. In fact, the similarity, such as it 
is, is entirely superficial. The section given by Phillips (fig. 226 h) is a restora- 
tion, and, after a careful examination of his type specimen by Mr. E. T. Newton 
and myself, we came to the conclusion that it was incorrect, and that there was 
no evidence that the fossil was a Cephalopod. It appeared to me that it 
evidently belonged to the genus Euowqjhalus. 
The specimen in the Woodwardian Museum has been labelled by Mr. E. B. 
Tawnej Euomphalus decussatus, Sandberger ; and with that species it clearly agrees, 
and as such was recorded by me in the ' Greological Magazine ' of 1889. At that 
time I had not had an opportunity of comparing the two English specimens, but 
since then the authorities of the two Museums have most kindly placed them in 
my hands for figuring, and upon laying them side by side it becomes at once clear 
that they belong to the same species, and therefore Sandberger's name becomes a 
synonym of Phillips's. 
In consequence of some features in the type specimen, I was much inclined to 
describe it as a sinistral shell, but as that fossil has evidently suffered from some 
squeezing and distortion, and as the Woodwardian example and Sandberger's 
figure both point to its being dextral, it has seemed to be safer to treat it as such. 
Thus both the English specimens must be regarded as showing the base of the 
shell. The markings of its upper surface are, however, well shown in 
Sandberger's figure ; and from it we learn that the upper side of the spire was 
less concave than the base, that its sutures were shallower, and that its ornamen- 
tation was almost exactly the same. 
Affinities.- — In Eu. araneifer the ornamentation is very much closer and finer. 
I am not aware of any other species that could be mistaken for this shell. 
1 1827, Sowerby, ' Min. Conch.,' vol. vi, p. 137, pi. dlxxi, Mgs. 1, 2. 
2 1836, Phillips, ' Geol. Yorkshire,' pt. 2, p. 233, pi. xvii, figs. 18, 25. 
3 1828, Fleming, ' Hist. Brit. Anim.,' p. 231. 
