.>=^=i R. M. KELLOaa'S QREAT CROPS OP 
succession. Keeping- them under restriction 
by close pruning-, discarding weaklings and 
thus build up a potency of pollen and breed- 
ing stamina that is able to withstand unfav- 
orable climatic conditions and give heavy 
returns for at least ten years. An occa- 
sional big crop does not accumulate monej', 
nor does it give a command of the market. 
Start right, prune right (see article on 
pruning), cultivate right, grow large, lus- 
cious berries and all other things shall be 
added. 
Planting-. Rows should be at least seven 
feet apart and plants three feet apart in the 
row. Having fitted the ground as for straw- 
berries, plow a furrow about five inches 
deep for blackcaps, set the plants flat in the 
furrow with roots spread out in every 
direction, taking the greatest care to get 
fresh earth in contact with all the roots and 
cover immediately. 
Cultivation should be thorough and 
frequent until the last berries are all picked, 
when the old wood should be cut out. It is 
the greatest blunder to stop cultivating in 
the driest part of the season, when the 
bushes are bringing their great loads of fruit 
to perfection. The feet of the pickers 
tramp the ground down hard and capillary 
action brings the water to the surface where 
it is carried off by wind and sun very rap- 
idly. Let the cultivator go through them 
after every picking. 
One of the neatest ways of growing 
raspberries is to string a wire about four 
feet high with a stake every forty feet, and 
tie the canes to this. The expense is not 
great and it prevents the wind from thresh- 
ing the berries off and gives clear space for 
cultivating. In this case I would not pinch 
them back but let them grow in their natu- 
ral way, and at winter pruning cut off^ the 
upper third, and this will leave enough buds 
to produce all the berries the bush can ma- 
ture without exhaustion. I have come to 
regard pinching off terminal buds when the 
plant is about eighteen inches high a mis- 
take. Checking natural growth at this time 
interferes with assimilation of plant food, 
and if the season is very dry and hot several 
days often intervene before new buds start. 
But If ground i.s rich, canes get so 
long that cultivation is interfered with and 
pinching back might become a necessity if 
wire is not used. Great care should be exer- 
cised to remove only the terminal bud and 
not a leaf if it can be prevented. Never 
pinch in the laterals. One pinching of the 
main plant is enough. Never tie the canes 
to a stake in a bundle. They must have 
light and air and will not fruit without it. 
Red raspberries should be treated the 
same as black caps except no pinching 
should be done. Let them grow in their 
natural way. 
The hardiness of raspberries as well as 
blackberries depends on securing a vigor- 
ous growth early in the season and keeping 
the ground moist by thorough cultivation 
during fruiting season. If they are allowed 
to dry up at fruiting time they are sure to 
make a late growth and are likely to winter 
kill. 
Set plants in spring in northern latitudes. 
In the south they may be set in the fall. 
VARIETIES OF RASPBERRIES. 
The Eureka has stepped entirely ahead 
this year of any other extra early berry. 
Not only is it the earliest but the largest and 
most productive. It will certainly double 
the crop of Palmer, or Gregg, and the large 
size, shiny black color with its long season 
of bearing must give it first place. We urge 
every grower to get a start with this as the 
early berry and others should get a few 
plants with which to propagate for re-set- 
ting. The canes have proven themselves 
hardy wherever tested. 60c per doz., $2.50 
per 100 and $15.00 per 1,000. 
Conrath. The Conrath takes the place 
of Ohio and other medium berries, and must 
be classed as the most reliable medium 
berry. Its fruit is large, shiny black and 
quality high. In cane it resists anthracnose, 
is entirely hardy and reliable, and especially 
valuable for evaporating. 30c per doz., 
$1.25 per 100 and $7.00 per 1,000. 
Palmer. The standard early berry, 
ripening before the strawberries are gone. 
Is entirely hardy and very productive. 30c 
per doz., $1.00 per 100 and $6.00 per 1,000. 
The Columbian. Every claim made for 
this berry has more than been filled. The 
canes grow to fully double the size of any 
variety on the farm and certainly produced 
twice the fruit and it proves a good shipper. 
The berries are very large (see engraving), 
are of the richest flavor, and as a table berry 
has no superior, while for canning they are 
the berry. While its color is purple yet it 
has a rich appearance with little bloom and 
is a favorite on the market. It propagates 
readily from tips and a few plants now will 
give enough next spring to start a large 
plantation. 20c each, $1.00 per doz., $8.00 
per 100 and $60 00 per 1,000. 
The Kansas. A large early berry ripen- 
ing soon after Eureka and Palmer. Is placed 
at the head of the list by many experiment 
stations and is destined to hold its place for 
the present. 40c per doz., $1.25 per 100 and 
S8.00 per 1,000. 
The Older. Its good qualities are espe- 
cially deep rootage so as to do well on light 
land. It has been widely set in the west and 
northwest and is very popular. 30c per doz., 
$1.25 per 100 and $7.00 per 1,000. 
The Gait. The present season has 
proven this berry the fir.st really successful 
fall fruiting berry yet introduced. It is so 
superior to Earhart that we have ceased to 
propagate that variety and shall set largely 
of Gait. It has a large crop at regular season 
and almost immediately afterwards begins 
to fruit on the new canes and continues until 
frost. Propagates readily by tips. 15c each, 
$1.25 per doz., $8.00 per 100. 
Shaffer's Colossal — that big purple 
berry. Its heavy bloom is against it but 
quality and productiveness so good that it 
has been a favorite for canning and the table. 
Is especially valuable in the home garden 
and for near market. 30c per doz., $1.25 per 
100 and $7.00 per 1,000. 
