M. KELLCKKyS GREAT CROPS OF 
liar to wild berries. It prolong-s the season to 
the early grapes. One-year, 40c per doz., $1.50 
per 100 and $9.00 per 1,000. Two-year, SOc per 
doz., $2.00 per 100 and S12.00 per 1,000. 
Snyder — that old iron-clad, which succeeds 
anywhere a blackberry can be grown. If 
properly pruned and cultivated, the berries 
are of good size and fine. Like all other black- 
berries under neglect and not pruned, it over- 
bears and berries are small. One-j'ear, 40c per 
doz., $1.50 per 100 and $9.00 per 1,000. Two- 
year, SOc per doz., $2.00 per 100 and $12.00 per 
1,000. 
Ancient Briton. The leading berry in the 
northwest, where it grows to great perfection. 
Its canes and flexible roots render it easy to lay 
down for winter protection. Its berries are 
fine; season medium early. One-year, SOc per 
doz., $1.7S per 100 and $10.00 per 1,000. Two- 
year, 60c per doz., $2.25 per 100 and $12.00 per 
1,000. 
Eldorado. Comparatively a new berry, but 
has now been thoroughly tested and is meeting 
with much favor. The demand for plants will 
exceed the supply. Canes are strong and en- 
tirely hardy: berries good size, sweet and rich. 
One-year, 7Sc per doz. and $4.00 per 100. 
The Rathburn. A new variety which prop- 
agates from the tips. While of the greatest 
value, apparently, I wish to fruit it further 
before sending out more plants. 
Early Harvest. The earliest blackberry 
grown, ripening with first raspberries. The 
berries are not large, but so very even in size 
and beautiful they sell fast. It comes in long 
in advance of other varieties. It is not classed 
as hardy but its long slender growth makes it 
easily laid down for winter protection. One- 
year plants 40c per doz., $1.50 per 100, $9.00 per 
1,000. 
DEWBERRIES. 
When properly grown the Dewberry is very 
profitable and a ready seller. It comes on the 
market two or three weeks ahead of the high 
bush blackberry and therefore always com- 
mands a high price. The better way is to put 
up a trellis of three No. 9 wires and prune in 
early spring and tie canes to these wires. Pick 
every other day or for table every third day. 
Give clean culture. 
Lucretia. This is the leading variety and 
the most successful dewberry under cultiva- 
tion, the Austin alone competing for its place. 
Berries very large, glossy black, often being 
found an inch and a half long and an inch in 
diameter. It ripens with the early harvest 
blackberry. 40c per doz., $1.50 per 100, S9.00 
per 1,000. 
Austin's Improved. This is a compara- 
tively new berry of the greatest promise. 
Berries nearly two inches long and IX in 
diameter, lustrous black and very productive. 
Ripens with the first raspberries. 7Sc per doz., 
$4.00 per 100. 
PRUNING. 
The object of pruning is to make plants more 
productive and to extend their time of useful- 
ness. If left unrestricted they throw their 
whole energies into this one act of multiplying 
their species by seed bearing. While they 
should be encouraged to bear a large crop of 
fruit they must not be allowed to bear an ex- 
cessive crop and so exhaust themselves that 
ihpy cannot produce another large crop for 
several years, hence we must determine their 
ability and relieve them of surplus fruit buds 
maintaining an equal balance between root 
and branch, preserve symmetry and beauty 
and furnish light and free air to all parts of 
the branches. We cannot cut off too much 
without seriously injuring the plant. The 
balance between the amount of roots and limbs 
must always remain equal. The little fine 
rootlets suck up the plant food in the form of 
water with a little mineral matter and pass it 
up through the middle of the stock by a force sim- 
ilar to capillary attraction until it reaches the 
leaves where it is digested and assimilated, the 
leaves performing the same office as the 
stomach and lungs of an animal. The digested 
sap now returns to the roots along under the 
bark where it builds up wood cells, enlarging 
the tree or bush and making the year's 
growth. Now, if we cut off an excessive 
amount of foliage, the roots take up the food 
and force it to the leaves in such quantities 
that assimilation cannot take place and a con- 
gested condition is brought on and all the 
effects of a gorged stomach of an animal are 
plainly seen. 
During the fall months the bush stores up 
a large amount of plant food in the wood for 
use in the early spring before the ground is 
warm enough for the roots to act. We may 
prove this by heavy mulching when the ground 
is frozen so it will not thaw out until very late; 
the bush will begin to grow in the spring 
before the roots thaw out. The temperature of 
the air causes the buds to appropriate the 
stored food and they will make almost full foli- 
age without calling on the roots for supplies, 
hence we can cut away a part of the branches 
and surplus fruit buds, and this early growth 
will compensate for it and maintain the bal- 
ance between the roots and branches. The 
leaves having an abundance of light on all 
sides, assimilation is active and the roots being 
able to concentrate their powers on the fewer 
buds a very rapid growth is secured early in 
the spring, so the late summer and fall months 
are used to mature the wood and buds for the 
coming winter. 
The removal of surplus buds while dor- 
mant prevents pollen exhaustion and thus 
enables the bush to impart a potency to pollen 
that secures full development of fruit, and 
large annual crops are thus grown. 
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