R. M. KELLOGG^S GREAT CROPS OF 
unfermeated manure under any circumstances. 
It the ground is in fair fertility, fibout three or 
four hundred pounds of bone and from twenty 
to fifty bushels of unleached wood ashes per 
acre will do the business. They should be cul- 
tivated in and thoroughly incorporated with 
the soil. I give a dressing- of ashes every year. 
I am satisfied it gives a richer flavor to fruit 
and ripens the wood much better. 
Preparing the ground. The ground should 
be plowed as deep and made as fine and mellow 
as possible. Some people dig holes two feet 
deep and four or five feet across, and fill them 
up with rich top soil to within a few inches of 
the top of the ground and then set the vine, 
and afterwards fill full. If the soil is porous 
or quite sandy, so the water will settle away 
quickly, this is precisely the rii^hl thing to do. 
But If you have a firm soil, a stiff clav, it is pre- 
cisely the wrong thing to do; the water will 
soak into the soft earth and hold it there like a 
tub, and destroy the vigor of the vine. In 
the latter case break up the ground as deeply 
as possible and set the vine not too deep. 
Never put any manure in the hill when set- 
ting. Manure seems to be rank poison to a 
young grape root. More vines die from this 
than from any other cause. DonH do it. Never 
mulch a grape vine. The soil should be warm 
where the roots are feeding. 
The vines may grow as they please the first 
year, but the second year must be staked or 
trellised and pruned to three buds; after they 
start rub off all but the strongest one. 
Prmiiiig. There are a great many ways of 
doing this. Bear in mind that fruit grows on 
the present year's growth from canes of last 
year's growth. Very rarely a fruiting bud is 
found on an old cane. 
The trellis. We prefer what is known as 
the Kinffin system. Two wires are used; the 
lower one not less than three and one-half feet 
from the ground, and the second fully two feet 
above the first. The vine is allowed four arms, 
each extending two to four feet out on each 
wire Then prune each lateral back to from 
one to three buds, leaving in all not more than 
from twenty to forty buds according to the 
vigor of the vine, and then the grapes should 
be thinned soon after the fruit sets, so as not to 
leave more than thirty to forty clusters. The 
clusters will be larger, of better flavor and 
ripen much earlier. A strong, healthy vine 
will always set more fruit than it can ripen, 
and the following year will be weaker, so that 
close pruning and thinning one year with 
another is the only way to secure continued 
large crops. If the vines are to be used for 
propagating they should not be allowed to bear 
over one-third the above in anj' year. 
It is a great mistake to train the vine so 
low as to densely shade the ground. It invites 
mildew and rot. They delight in sunshine and 
plenty of dry air 
Cultivate frequently and nearly up to the 
time the fruit begins to color. 
VARIETIES OF GRAPES, 
There are too many varities that are not 
especially valuable. We describe a few of 
those we regard as the cream of the list: 
BLACK GRAPES. 
It may be said that the introduction of the 
Coacord was the beginning of successful 
grape culture in this country. It succeeds 
26 
wherever a grape can be grown. It is yet the 
leading market variety and too well known to 
need description, but in many localities is giv- 
ing way to the Worden. 10c each, 7Sc per doz. 
and S3.S0 per 100. 2 year, ISc each, $1.00 per 
doz. and S5.00 per 100. 
Worden, I believe, is the richest and sweetest 
black grape grown in this country. Perfectly 
hardy, fully as productive as Concord, larger 
berry and cluster, and a week or ten days 
earlier. They are gone before Concord 
arrives. 1 year, 10c each, 7.^c per doz. and 
$3.50 per 100. 2 year, 15c each, $1.00 per doz. 
and $5.00 per 100. 
JVloore's Early is one of the best extra early 
grapes, ripening fully two weeks ahead of Con- 
cord. The berry is very large, entirely hardy, 
and on rich soil very productive. It is gener- 
ally all gone before Worden come on. Must 
have very heavy, strong, rich soil. 1 year, 10c 
each, 75c per doz. and $3.50 per 100. 2 year, ISc 
each, $1.00 per doz. and $5.00 per 100. 
Talmati (or Champion) is a prolific and 
profitable extra early market grape; ripens 
about the time of Moore's Early. Flesh sweet, 
juicy, and a rank grower. Healthy, hardy and 
vigorous. I'year, 10c each, 75c per doz. and 
$3.50 per 100. 2 year, ISc each, $1.00 per doz. 
and $5.00 per 100. 
The Early Ohio. The earliest good black 
grape known. It ripens fully ten days or two 
weeks before Moore's Early. Bunch large, 
compact and shouldered, berry medium size 
and covered with a rich bloom. Wherever 
tested has proven entirely hardy. Berries 
adhere firmly to the stem. 1 year, 25c each, 
$2.50 per doz. and $15.00 per 100. 2 year, 3Sc 
each, $3.50 per doz. and $25.00 per 100. 
Wilder (Rogers' INo. 4). Bunch and berry, 
large, early, hardy, healthy, and productive; 
good keeper, profitable, and of excellent qual- 
ity. 1 year, 15c each, $1.00 per doz. and $5.00 
per 100. 2 year, 20c each, S1.50 per doz. and 
S8.00 per 100. 
The Hosford. This grape was discovered 
in a vineyard of Concords. It has all the hard- 
iness, productiveness and vigor of that sterling 
old variety. The berries and clusters are fully 
double the size of the Concord, single berries 
often being found exceeding an inch and a 
quarter in diameter. 1 year, 2Sc each, $2.50 per 
doz. and $18.00 per 100. 2 year, 30c each^ $3.00 
per doz. and $25.00 per 100. 
RED GRAPES. 
Delaware. Considered by many as the stand- 
ard of excellence in grapes, requires strong 
soil and good culture. 1 year, 15c each, $1.00 
per doz. and $4.00 per 100. 2 year, 20c each, 
SI. 50 per doz. and $6.00 per 100. 
Diana. A little later than Concord, bunches 
medium and compact. Flavor peculiar, much 
liked by some and disliked by others. 1 year, 
15c each, $1.50 per doz. and $.5.00 per 100. 2 
year, 20c each, $2.00 per doz. and $8.00 per 100. 
Agawam. One of the longest keepers and 
best family grapes grown. Can be kept until 
March. 1 year, 15c each, $1.00 per doz. and 
$4.00 per 100. 2 year, 20c each, $1.50 per doz. 
and $6.00 per 100. 
Jefferson. One of the best red grapes, a 
good grower, hardj- and productive. Ripens 
with the Concord. 1 year, 15c each, $1.00 per 
doz. and $6.00 per 100. 2 year, 20c each, SI. SO 
per doz. and $10.00 per 100. 
Lindley (Rogers' No. 9). Desirable for 
extensive planting. Strong grower, healthy 
