CATALOGUE. 
241 
frequenting both gardens and cultivated ground, and low bushy- 
jungle. It is never found in dense jungle. It is found even on the 
Neilgherries at Coonoor and Kotagherry at 6,000 feet of elevation ; 
but I have not observed it in the more elevated and central parts of 
the hills. It lives in pairs or small families ; feeds chiefly on fruits, 
being destructive to peas and other garden produce, but also oc- 
casionally on insects, frequently repeating its usual notes while 
hopping about the branches and wandering from tree to tree. It 
flies in a direct manner, with a quick flapping of its wings, and 
usually uttering its note when on the wing. It is very commonly 
caged in the Carnatic, and kept for fighting, which it does with some 
spirit, and it is said that the antagonists often seize each other by 
the red under tail-coverts, and endeavour to pull them out ; it is also 
said to imitate the notes of various other birds in confinement." — 
(Jerd., Madr. Journ. L. S. X. p. 249.) 
357. PYCNONOTUS ABSINOE, Lichst 
Ixos arsinoe, LicJist., Cat. Dupl. Berb. 3fus. p. 89. 
Hupp., Syst. TTelers. p. 60. Bonap.^ G. G. Av. 
p. 266. 
Pycnonotus arsinoe, G. B. Gray, Gen. of Birds, I. p. 237. 
A. Abyssinia. From Sir W. Harris's Collection. 
358. PYCNONOTUS CROCOBRHOUS, StricJcl 
Muscicapa hsemorrhousa, var. A., Gmel., S. N. L. T. 
p. 941. LatJi., Hist. YI. p. 186. 
Pycnonotus crocorrhous, Strickl., Ann. Nat. Hist. XIII. 
p. 412 (1844) ; P. Z. S. (1846), p. 101. G. B. 
Gray, Gen. of Birds, I. p. 237. Blyth, Journ. A. 
8. Beng. XIV. p. 567 ; Cat. B. Mus. A. S. Benq. 
App, p. 339. 
Turdus hsDmorrhous, BCorsf, Trans. Linn. Soc. XIII. 
p. 147. 
Ixos haemorrhous, Vigors, App. Mem. Bafp.es, p. 661. 
Ixos chrysorrbsBUS, {Lath.), Bonap., G. G. Av. p. 266. 
Yellow- vented Flycatcher, Brown, Lll. Zool. t. SI, f. 2, 
Ketilak, Java, JLorsf 
A. Java. From Dr. Horsfield's Collection. 
B. Sumatra. Presented by Sir T. S. Raffles. 
2 i 
