VORKSHIKK NATI K A LISTS UNION. 
nhon^iiies of Australia as, })erliaps, most nearly represeiitinor tlie 
most ancient race of hunters known in these reunions. 
These were succeeded by the hunters of A urignac, distinguished by 
their love of Art, and whicli there are reasons for believing may still 
survive in the bushmen of Soutli Africa ; many representations of 
him and his characteristic steatopygy having been found in caves of 
Pleistocene age in the South of France, and the course of their 
retreat to their present refuge can be traced. 
The Magdalenians were a still later race ; they upheld the artistic 
traditions of their predecessors ; they hunted and domesticated the 
reindeer in the plains of France, and devised a variety of implements 
and weapons for the chase, and were the ancestors of the Eskimo, who 
are now driven into Arctic wilds to eke out a ])recnrious existence. 
Every well-marked country or region is naturally characterized by 
a more or less distinctive race of mankind, whose ])eculiarities are 
evolved by isolation and the action of the environment, which pro- 
foundly affects, not only the external mor])h()logy, but also the mental 
character, and this moulding influence which is possessed, more or 
less, by every region, is shown by the gradual absorption and ap- 
])roximation to the national type of any invaders or immigrants 
domiciled there, as is stated to occur in Egypt, (xreece, Ireland and 
other places, and as is actually seen in North America, where the 
descendants of European immigrants more or less (piickly assume the 
physical aspect of the aboriginal Indians, to whose disposition, 
temperament, and cast of mind tliey will ]u-obably also eventually 
conform. 
This approximation of innnigrants to the native type in those 
countries to which the great tide of European emigration is turned, 
is held in temporary check or abeyance by the enormous influx of 
this higher and more vigorous life, but the cessation of this invigor- 
ating admixture of new blood will inevitably result in the acceleration 
of an increased reseniblauco to the native ty})eand in some degree of 
deterioration or stagnation of the mental progress of the peoples 
inhabiting evolutionarily torpid countries as Australia, New Zealand, 
South Africa, South America, and North America, which, though 
often, but erroneously, regarded as the future world centres of 
highest culture and influence, are all countries of the weakest 
evolutionary ])ower, and throughout innumerable ages have merely 
retained and modified without essential advancement the ancient 
types of life originally (h>rived from Europe, but which have long 
been expelled therefrom by the more advanced life that has from 
time to time arisen there. 
A further and final lesult of the action of this universally 
])ervading Ijaw of Dominancy and the struggle for existence will be 
the decay and extinction of the savage and barbarous races of 
mankind, and also the elimination of those of deficient or of the 
feeblest mental capacity, and this disappearance of the lowest 
mental types woidd be in no sense a calamity, but rather a much to be 
