GEOLOGY. — The Geological Section will be officially represented by its 
President, Dr. A. R. Dwerryhouse. 
Dr. Dwerryhouse writes : — 
The main feature of the area is the great clialk escarpment which forms the 
western boundary of the Yorkshire Wolds. It rises abruptly from the Triassic plain 
to the west to a height of about 200 feet and then more gradually until an altitude 
of 458 feet is reached at Heslesskew, whence the surface descends by the dip slope 
to the plain of Holderness. 
The escarpment is continued both N<jrth and South of Market Wei.;hton, and 
in the latter direction is continued across the Humber as the Lincolnshire Wolds. 
Tlie dip of the Chalk is generally eastwards at a low angle, rarely exceeding 
3 to 4^, but local variations of direction are of frecjuent occurrence. 
At the base of the Chalk near Market Weighton is a bed of Red Chalk which is 
well seen near the rifle butts, about i.^ miles east of the town and near the York, 
Market Weighton and Beverley branch of the North Eastern Railway, where 
specimens of Belemnites minimus have been obtained. The Red Chalk is also 
exposed along the course of the road from Market Weighton to Sancton, near the 
bend marked 206 on the survey map, where Terebratula and other fossils are to 
be found. 
The Red Chalk rests unconformably on a denuded anticline of Jurassic Rocks, 
the axis of which runs in an east and west direction through Goodmanham, where, 
so great has been the pre-cretaceous denudation that the Chalk rests directly on 
the Lower Lias. 
Tracing the outcrop of the Jurassic rocks towards the north the Middle Lias is 
seen to come in near Towthorpe corner and the Upper Lias near Partridge Hall ; 
the Oolites however are not exposed in this direction within the limits of the maj). 
They emerge from beneath the the Chalk in the neighbourhood of Great 
■Givendale. 
To the south of the anticlinal axis the Middle Lias appear about quarter-mile 
south of Goodmanham and tlie Upper Lias and Lower Oolites are seen before 
Sancton is reached. Southward from this point the Jurassic rocks appey in greater 
force and form a subsidiary escarpment to the west of the line of the woids, and 
this gradually separates more and more widely from the Chalk Escarpment until in 
Lincolnshire the two features are quite distinct and are separated from each other 
by the valley of the Witham. 
The absence of all the members of the Jurassic Series except the Lower Lias 
near Gcodmanham is partly to be accounted for by the fact that the anticline 
suffered denudation before the deposition of the Chalk, and partly from the fact 
that the fold was in course of formation during Jurassic times and that consequent 
thinning out of many of the beds took place through default of deposition. 
In the neighbourhood of North CUff good sectious of the Lower Lias are 
exposed while several members of the Lower and Middle Oolites can be seen 
between North Newbald and South Cave. The Lower Lias can also be seen in 
the clay-pits near the railway, half-a-mile to the east of Market Weighton where 
Cryphcca incurva and numerous plates of Pentacrinus are to be found. 
Superficial Geology. — Mr T. Sheppard, F.G.S., writes: — "There are many 
interesting problems to be solved with regard to the origin of the gravels, etc., in 
the Market Weighton District, and special attention should be aid to the exposures. 
At Bielsbeck is an interesting marl deposit which has recently been excavated by 
the aid of a grant from the British Association. A large collection of remains 
of Mammoth, Bison, etc., has been secured, together with several freshwater shells, 
plant remains, etc. An interim report has been published in "The Naturalist," 
and the final report will shortly be issued by the British Association. This 
•exposure was first made known many years ago, and a full description with lists of 
•species appears in Phillip's "Geology of Yorkshire," 1875. 
BOTANY. — The Botanical Section will be officially represented by Mr. 
J. F. Robinson. 
Flowering Plants. — Mr. Robinson writes : — As the season is a late one 
and the Field Meeting very early, as compared with the first gathering of former 
years, it cannot be expected that many species of plants in flower will be in evidence 
on this occasion. In the " Flora of the E. Riding of Yorks.," published 1902, it 
-will be noticed that I have given in Roman numerals the week of the month, when, 
