SPRAYING INFORMATION 
Spraying is now recognized as a necessary operation to keep plants and trees 
healthy, especially where grown extensively; accordingly we print a few ot the standard 
formulas and a very brief outline of treatment tor the common fruits. For more com- 
plete informatoin send to the Horticultural Department at Ames, Iowa, for a bulletin on 
spraying'. 
FOR BITING INSECTS. 
Lead- Arsenate. 
Lead acetate (sugar of lead) 11 oz. 
Sodium arsenate 4 
Water , 50 gals. 
Pulverize and dissolve the acetate and arsenate separately and pour together. This 
formula mav be used two or three times this strength without injury to plants. It 
adheres better than any other arsenical spray and is altogether more desirable. 
FOR SUCKING INSECTS. 
Kerosene Emulsion. 
Kerosene (coal oil) 2 gals. 
Rain-water 1 gal- 
Soap % lb- 
Dissolve soap in water by boiling; take from fire and while hot turn in kerosene 
and churn briskly for five minutes. To be diluted before using with nine parts water. 
For scale, insects and sucking insects on growing plants. 
TOBACCO INFUSION. 
Tobacco (waste stems) 1 lb. 
Boiling water * „ x . 
\dd hot water to tobacco leaves and stems and let stand until cold. Strain and add 
one pound of whale oil soap or two pounds of soft soap to each fifty gallons of infu- 
sion. For lice. _ _ 
UIME-SULPHUR WASH. 
Numerous brands of this can be bought more cheaply than it can be made in small 
quantities For a winter spray, dilute so as to have twelve to fifteen pounds of sulphur 
to fifty gallons of water. Also valuable as a fungicide and may be used in place of 
Bordeaux Mixture by diluting so as to have about four pounds of sulphur to fifty gallons 
of water. _ " 
FUNGICIDES. 
Bordeaux Mixture. 
Copper-sulphate 5 lbs. 
Quicklime (not air-slacked) 5 lbs. 
Water „ 50 gals. 
Dissolve the copper-sulphat* (blue-stone) by suspending in a wooden vessel, such 
as a half barrel, containing twenty-five gallon- if water, slack the lime in another ves- 
sel The slacking should be done slowly, otherwise it is apt to be granular. Now dilute 
the slacked lime in twenty-five gallons of water and pour it and the copper-sulphate 
into the spray barrel at the same time. Do not pour in first one and then the other 
as this will not allow the proper combination of chemicals to take place and a sediment 
will be formed that will clog the pump and nozzles. It is well to strain the solutions 
as they are poured together, for which purpose a copper strainer having eighteen to 
twenty-four meshes to the inch is recommended. Do not add the lime until ready to 
apply the mixture. . , . 
Stock solutions of dissolved copper-sulphate and lime may be prepared and kept in 
separate cans throughout the spraying season. The proportions of blue stone, lime and 
water should be carefully entered. 
Combination of Fungicide and Insecticide. 
When spraying for a fungus disease, except when plants are In the dormant state, 
an arsenical mixture may be added to the Bordeaux to advantage, and the spraying 
will be effective against the biting insects as well as plant disease. To the Bordeaux 
add the usual amount of Paris Green or Lead Arsenate, letting the Bordeaux answer 
for the specified amount of water. 
General Treatment for Fruits. 
Annies and Pears. For fungus diseases and eating insects. Dead Arsenate and Bor- 
deaux or Lime and Sulphur solution; first, just as buds open; second just before blos- 
soms open: third, just after petals fall; fourth, ten or twenty days later; fifth late July 
or early August (this is important for the second brood of codling moth). For scales 
on any kind of trees use Lime and Sulphur Wash early in spring before growth, and 
late Plums 6 and Cherries. For curculio. fruit rot and leaf diseases. Bordeaux and Lead 
Arsenate, or Lime and Sulphur solution; first, before blossoms open; second, just after 
Details fall- third, ten days later; fourth, ten to twenty days later; fifth late July or 
early August. For web worms, Arsenate or Lead whenever necessary. 
Peaches. For leaf curl and fruit rot. Lime-Sulphate Wash before buds open. 
Grapes. For mildew and black rot. Bordeaux Mixture; first, before new growth Is 
eight inches long (important); second, just before blooming; third, just after fruit sets 
(important); fourth, ten to twenty days later. , _ , 
currants and Gooseberries. For leaf spot and worms, Bordeaux or Lime and Sul- 
nhur solution and Lead Arsenate; first, when worms appear; second, when fruit is half 
-rown- third. Bordeaux after picking; fourth, repeat two weeks later if necessary. 
Strawberries. For leaf roller. Lead Arsenate, double strength, just after moths are 
first noticed- second, repeat one week later. Cut leaves and bun. as soon as fruit is off. 
For leaf diseases, Bordeaux when growth begins, at intervals of ten days if necessary. 
Potatoes For beetles, Lead Arsenate (double strength) when they appear and 
from eight to ten days afterwards. For blight, Bordeaux one and one-half times the 
stand-u'd mixture, with the Arsenate. For scab, soak seed potatoes two hours in For- 
maline (40 per cent solution) one pint to thirty gallons of water. 
Cue umbers Melons. Vie. For striped beetles, tobacco dust as soon as through the 
ground; for lice, Kerosene Emulsion applied to under side of leaves. 
