MANGANESE DEPOSITS OF INDIA : DESCEIPTIVE. [PaET IV : 
This company began to export during 1907, and up to the end of 
the year extracted 2,428 tons of ore. 
The rocks near Sivarajpur (' Soorajpoor ' of Blanford and 
' Sioraipur ' of map) consist of siliceous slates, of- 
Geology. ^ , , , ! , 
ten sericitic and calcareous, and or very nne-gramed, 
often jaspery, quartzites. The slates are usually some shade of grey in 
colour, while the quartzites are, as a rule, either white, purplish, or 
reddish, and are often banded with limonite, probably of secondary 
origin. 
The strike is somewhat variable, but usually varies from E.S.E. to 
S. E.; but as the direction of cleavage of the slates is also E. S. E., it tends 
to obscure their true dip and strike. These rocks belong to the Champaner 
group of Blanford ; and on looking over his collection of Champaner rocks, 
I find, included amongst them, in addition to those mentioned above, a 
specimen of schistose micaceous hematite with little pimples on the 
schistosity planes due to scattered octahedra of magnetite. This rock is 
indistinguishable from one variety of the schistose micaceous hematites 
of the, Tabalpur district ; taking into consideration both this and the fact 
that the slates and quartzites (often jaspery and limonite-banded) of this 
area are likewise very similar to those of the Jabalpur district, there can 
be but little doubt that the Champaner rocks must belong, like those of 
Jabalpur, to the Dharwar system. Blanford himself says that he only 
bestowed the name ' Champaneer or more correctly ' Champaner ' , on 
this group of rocks as ' a temporary and local name ' ; and now that it is 
possible in the light of more recent investigations to correlate the 
Champaners with their equivalents in other parts of India, the Dharwars, 
it will be convenient to dispense with the term ' Champaner ' in favour of 
the more generally used ' Dharwar '.^ 
In a somewhat hasty examination of the hills immediately to the east 
of Sivarajpur, and stretching thence about 2 miles south, I foimd that 
manganese-ores are of frequent occurrence in this neighbourhood, usually 
occurring on the tops of the hill-ridges, which rise to 200 to 300 feet 
above the plains. 
1 By the rules of priority the word ' Dharwar ' should be discarded and ' Champiner ' 
used instead : for Blanford introduced the term ' Champaner ' in 18C9, ( Mem. G. S. I.. Vi, 
p. 20f!) ; while Foote did not establish hi.s Dhdrwdr system till 1886 (Bcc. G. S. I., XIX. 
p. 98). Owing, however, to the frequent use of the term ' Dharwar ' in Indian geoiofrieal 
literature and the rare us" of the term ' Chanuiauer'. it would be in the highest degree 
iacoaveuient to make this change (see page 283). 
