CHAPTER XXXIV. 
DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITS-cowtaerf. 
The Central Provinces— Chhindwar a District. 
History — Output a,nd labour — Geology — List of deposits — Nature and quality 
of the ores — Communications and transport— Kachi Dhana — Lakhanwara — 
Gaimukh — Sitapar — Biclma — Alcsur — Devi — Gnoti — Wagorr. — Gowari Wyrhona 
— Dudliara. 
(See Plates U, 22, and 43.) 
The fact of the existence of manganese-ores in this district seems to 
jj.^^^ have been first noticed by Mr. P. N. Datta i of the 
Geological Survej^ of India, who, while mapping 
the valley of the Kanhan river in the cold season of 1893-94, discovered 
the deposit of Kachi Dhana, the most valuable in the district, and noticed 
fragments of ore on the ground I mile south-west of Khairi on the Kelod- 
Sausar road. This latter deposit is here dealt with under Gowari 
Warhona. Nothing more was heard of these deposits till the late 
Mr. A. M. Gow Smith, when prospecting in the year 1902, rediscovered 
both the above, and in addition found seven other deposits. His activity 
led Rai Sahib Mathura Prasad of Cbhindvrara to find manganese-ore 
at Devi. 
At the time of my visit m December 1903 no work had been done 
on any of these deposits, except a little clearing of jungle, and digging 
of trial-pits and trenches. I was, however, able to revisit, hurriedly, 
Kachi Dhana, Lakhanwara, Gaimukh, Sitapar, and Gowari Warhona, 
in December 1907, when all these deposits had been more or less opened 
up. I have made such additions and alterations to this account as 
seemed necessary. The deposits discovered by Mr. Gow Smith have now 
become the property of the Indian Manganese Companj^ formed in 1904. 
The figures of production and labour for this district for the years 
Output and labour. 1906 and 1907 are as follows : — 
Year. 
Production in 
long tons. 
Average daily 
number of workers. 
1906 
7,486 
1907 
30,728 
416 
1 M. S. Progress Report, 1893-4, Part 1. 
